{"id":300322,"date":"2024-10-19T20:29:50","date_gmt":"2024-10-19T20:29:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/product\/uncategorized\/aci-mnl-15-2020\/"},"modified":"2024-10-25T17:56:05","modified_gmt":"2024-10-25T17:56:05","slug":"aci-mnl-15-2020","status":"publish","type":"product","link":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/product\/publishers\/aci\/aci-mnl-15-2020\/","title":{"rendered":"ACI MNL 15 2020"},"content":{"rendered":"

The American Concrete Institute\u2019s Field Reference Manual is a compilation of ACI 301-20 Specifications for Concrete Construction and additional ACI documents on measuring, mixing, transporting, and placing concrete; concrete pumping methods; hot- and cold-weather concreting; consolidation; and concrete formwork. ACI 301-20 requires that the contractor keep a copy of this manual in the field office of any project where ACI 301 is specified.<\/p>\n

PDF Catalog<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
PDF Pages<\/th>\nPDF Title<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\n00–Frontmatter <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4<\/td>\nTITLE PAGE <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
6<\/td>\nSECTION 1\u2014GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
1.1\u2014Scope
1.2\u2014Interpretation
1.3\u2014Definitions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
8<\/td>\n1.4\u2014Referenced standards <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
11<\/td>\n1.5\u2014Submittals
1.6\u2014Preconstruction conference
1.7\u2014Testing and inspection <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
13<\/td>\n1.8\u2014Acceptance of structure <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
14<\/td>\n1.9\u2014Protection of in-place concrete <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
15<\/td>\nSECTION 2\u2014FORMWORK AND FORMWORK ACCESSORIES
2.1\u2014General
2.2\u2014Products <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
16<\/td>\n2.3\u2014Execution <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
17<\/td>\nSECTION 3\u2014REINFORCEMENT AND REINFORCEMENT SUPPORTS
3.1\u2014General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
18<\/td>\n3.2\u2014Products <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
19<\/td>\n3.3\u2014Execution <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
21<\/td>\nSECTION 4\u2014CONCRETE MIXTURES
4.1\u2014General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
22<\/td>\n4.2\u2014Products <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
27<\/td>\n4.3\u2014Execution
SECTION 5\u2014HANDLING, PLACING, AND CONSTRUCTING
5.1\u2014General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
28<\/td>\n5.2\u2014Products
5.3\u2014Execution <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
32<\/td>\nSECTION 6\u2014ARCHITECTURAL CONCRETE
6.1\u2014General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
33<\/td>\n6.2\u2014Products <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
34<\/td>\n6.3\u2014Execution <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
35<\/td>\nSECTION 7\u2014LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETE
7.1\u2014General
7.2\u2014Products
7.3\u2014Execution
SECTION 8\u2014MASS CONCRETE
8.1\u2014General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
36<\/td>\n8.2\u2014Products
8.3\u2014Execution
SECTION 9\u2014POST-TENSIONED CONCRETE
9.1\u2014General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
38<\/td>\n9.2\u2014Products <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
39<\/td>\n9.3\u2014Execution <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
42<\/td>\nSECTION 10\u2014SHRINKAGE-COMPENSATING CONCRETE FOR INTERIOR SLABS
10.1\u2014General
10.2\u2014Products <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
43<\/td>\n10.3\u2014Execution
SECTION 11\u2014INDUSTRIAL FLOOR SLABS
11.1\u2014General
11.2\u2014Products <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
44<\/td>\n11.3\u2014Execution <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
45<\/td>\nSECTION 12\u2014TILT-UP CONSTRUCTION
12.1\u2014General
12.2\u2014Products
12.3\u2014Execution <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
47<\/td>\nSECTION 13\u2014PRECAST STRUCTURAL CONCRETE
13.1\u2014General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
48<\/td>\n13.2\u2014Products <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
51<\/td>\n13.3\u2014Execution <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
53<\/td>\nSECTION 14\u2014PRECAST ARCHITECTURAL CONCRETE
14.1\u2014General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
54<\/td>\n14.2\u2014Products <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
56<\/td>\n14.3\u2014Execution
NOTES TO SPECIFIER
General notes <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
57<\/td>\nForeword to checklists <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
58<\/td>\nAuthored references <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
59<\/td>\nMANDATORY REQUIREMENTS CHECKLIST <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
62<\/td>\nOPTIONAL REQUIREMENTS CHECKLIST <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
73<\/td>\nTITLE PAGE <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
74<\/td>\nCONTENTS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
75<\/td>\nINTRODUCTION
\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
77<\/td>\nSECTION 1\u2014GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
1.1\u2014Scope
1.2\u2014Requirements <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
79<\/td>\n1.3\u2014Definitions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
83<\/td>\n1.4\u2014Referenced standards <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
85<\/td>\nSECTION 2\u2014MATERIALS
\n
2.1\u2014Reinforcing steel fabrication and assembly <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
89<\/td>\n2.2\u2014Reinforcement location <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
94<\/td>\n2.3\u2014Placement of embedded items, excluding dowels in slabs-on-ground <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
95<\/td>\n2.4\u2014Concrete batching
2.5\u2014Concrete properties <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
97<\/td>\nSECTION 3\u2014FOUNDATIONS
\n
3.1\u2014Deviation from plumb <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
98<\/td>\n3.2\u2014Deviation from location <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
100<\/td>\n3.3\u2014Deviation from elevation
3.4\u2014Deviation from plane <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
101<\/td>\n3.5\u2014Deviation from cross-sectional dimensions offoundations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
103<\/td>\nSECTION 4\u2014CAST-IN-PLACE CONCRETE FOR BUILDINGS
\n
4.1\u2014Deviation from plumb <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
105<\/td>\n4.2\u2014Deviation from location <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
106<\/td>\n4.3\u2014Not used
4.4\u2014Deviation from elevation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
107<\/td>\n4.5\u2014Deviation from cross-sectional dimensions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
109<\/td>\n4.6\u2014Deviation from formed opening width or height
4.7\u2014Deviation from relative elevations or widths for stairs
4.8\u2014Deviation from slope or plane <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
116<\/td>\n4.9\u2014Sawcut depth in slab-on-ground <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
117<\/td>\nSECTION 5\u2014CAST-IN-PLACE CONCRETE AT INTERFACE WITH PRECAST CONCRETE (EXCEPT TILT-UP CONCRETE)
\n
5.1\u2014Deviation from elevation\u2014cast-in-place concrete <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
119<\/td>\n5.2\u2014Deviation from location\u2014cast-in-place concrete <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
120<\/td>\n5.3\u2014Deviation from dimension\u2014cast-in-place concrete <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
121<\/td>\n5.4\u2014Deviation from plane at bearing surface\u2014cast-inplaceconcrete measured over length or width ofbearing surface <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
123<\/td>\nSECTION 6\u2014MASONRY
\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
125<\/td>\nSECTION 7\u2014CAST-IN-PLACE, VERTICALLY SLIPFORMED BUILDING ELEMENTS
\n
7.1\u2014Deviation from plumb for buildings and cores
7.2\u2014Horizontal deviation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
126<\/td>\n7.3\u2014Cross-sectional dimensions
7.4\u2014Openings through elements
7.5\u2014Embedded plates
7.6\u2014Deviation from plumb for slipformed and jumpformedsilos <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
127<\/td>\nSECTION 8\u2014MASS CONCRETE
\n
8.1\u2014Deviation from plumb
8.2\u2014Horizontal deviation
8.3\u2014Vertical deviation
8.4\u2014Cross-sectional dimension
8.5\u2014Deviation from plane <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
129<\/td>\nSECTION 9\u2014CANAL LINING
\n
9.1\u2014Horizontal deviation
9.2\u2014Vertical deviation
9.3\u2014Cross-sectional dimensions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
131<\/td>\nSECTION 10\u2014MONOLITHIC WATER-CONVEYING TUNNELS, SIPHONS, CONDUITS, AND SPILLWAYS
\n
10.1\u2014Horizontal deviation
10.2\u2014Vertical deviation
10.3\u2014Cross-sectional dimensions
10.4\u2014Deviation from plane <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
133<\/td>\nSECTION 11\u2014CAST-IN-PLACE BRIDGES
\n
11.1\u2014Deviation from plumb
11.2\u2014Horizontal deviation
11.3\u2014Vertical deviation
11.4\u2014Length, width, or depth of specified elements <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
134<\/td>\n11.5\u2014Deviation from plane
11.6\u2014Deck reinforcement cover
11.7\u2014Bearing pads <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
135<\/td>\nSECTION 12\u2014EXTERIOR PAVEMENTS AND SIDEWALKS
\n
12.1\u2014Horizontal deviation
12.2\u2014Vertical deviation of surface <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
137<\/td>\nSECTION 13\u2014CHIMNEYS AND COOLING TOWERS
\n
13.1\u2014Deviation from plumb
13.2\u2014Outside shell diameter
13.3\u2014Wall thickness <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
139<\/td>\nSECTION 14\u2014CAST-IN-PLACE NONREINFORCED PIPE
14.1\u2014Wall thickness
14.2\u2014Pipe diameter
14.3\u2014Offsets
14.4\u2014Surface indentations
14.5\u2014Grade and alignment
14.6\u2014Concrete slump <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
141<\/td>\nSECTION 15\u2014TILT-UP CONCRETE
\n
15.1\u2014Panel forming
15.2\u2014Deviation from plumb <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
142<\/td>\n15.3\u2014Deviation from elevation
15.4\u2014Deviation from location
15.5\u2014Deviation from slope or plane <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
143<\/td>\n15.6\u2014Deviation from relative widths <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
145<\/td>\nNOTES TO SPECIFIER
\n
General notes <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
147<\/td>\nFORWORD TO CHECKLISTS
\n
MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS CHECKLIST
\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
148<\/td>\nOPTIONAL REQUIREMENTS CHECKLIST
\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
150<\/td>\nCHAPTER 1\u2014INTRODUCTION AND SCOPE
1.1\u2014Introduction
1.2\u2014Scope
1.3\u2014Unit conversions
CHAPTER 2\u2014DEFINITIONS
2.1\u2014Definitions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
151<\/td>\nCHAPTER 3\u2014TOLERANCE COORDINATION AND RESPONSIBILITY
3.1\u2014Tolerance coordination meetings
3.2\u2014Responsibilities <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
152<\/td>\n3.3\u2014Review and approval
3.4\u2014Measurements <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
153<\/td>\nCHAPTER 4\u2014CREATING TOLERANCE COMPATIBILITY
4.1\u2014Steps toward tolerance compatibility
4.2\u2014More restrictive tolerances <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
154<\/td>\n4.3\u2014Tolerance limit considerations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
156<\/td>\n4.4\u2014Coordinating architectural layouts with structural framing <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
159<\/td>\n4.5\u2014Communicating information
CHAPTER 5\u2014TOLERANCES AND METHODS OF ACCOMMODATING TOLERANCES <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
164<\/td>\n5.2\u2014Elevator cores and hoistways <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
165<\/td>\n5.3\u2014Openings in slabs and walls <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
170<\/td>\n5.4\u2014Manufactured couplers and splicing systems for reinforcing bars <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
171<\/td>\n5.5\u2014Cast-in-place stairs <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
172<\/td>\n5.6\u2014Cladding systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
185<\/td>\n5.7\u2014Infill wall systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
189<\/td>\n5.8\u2014Surface accessibility <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
191<\/td>\n5.9\u2014Finish floor coverings <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
192<\/td>\n5.10\u2014Expansion joints <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
193<\/td>\nCHAPTER 6\u2014REFERENCES <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
194<\/td>\nCited references <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
197<\/td>\nCONTENTS
CHAPTER 1\u2014 INTRODUCTION AND SCOPE
1.1\u2014General
1.2\u2014Scope
CHAPTER 2\u2014 NOTATION AND DEFINITIONS
2.1\u2014Notation
2.2\u2014Definitions
CHAPTER 3\u2014 MATERIALS AND PRODUCTION
3.1\u2014Quality of constituent materials
3.2\u2014Submittal information <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
198<\/td>\nCHAPTER 4\u2014 CONCRETE MIXTURE PROPORTIONS
4.1\u2014Proportioning
4.2\u2014Quantities by weight
4.3\u2014Quantities by volume
CHAPTER 5\u2014 DOCUMENTATION OF SPECIFIED PROPERTIES
5.1\u2014Freshly mixed concrete properties
5.2\u2014Required average strength fcr\u2032
5.3\u2014Past performance record submittal
5.4\u2014Trial batch record submittal
5.5\u2014Specific properties other than strength <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
199<\/td>\n5.6\u2014Resubmittals
CHAPTER 6\u2014 ADDITIONAL SUGGESTED DOCUMENTATION
6.1\u2014Transmittal letter
6.2\u2014Submittal forms
CHAPTER 7\u2014REFERENCES <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
200<\/td>\nAPPENDIX A\u2014PRESCRIPTIVE SUBMITTAL NO. 1 (SINGLE MIXTURE, MULTIPLE PLANTS) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
206<\/td>\nAPPENDIX B\u2014 PRESCRIPTIVE SUBMITTAL NO. 2 (MULTIPLE MIXTURES, MULTIPLE PLANTS) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
209<\/td>\nAPPENDIX C\u2014 PERFORMANCE SUBMITTAL <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
210<\/td>\nCONTENTS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
211<\/td>\nPREFACE
CHAPTER 1\u2014 CAUSES AND CONTROL OF CRACKING
1.1\u2014 Introduction
1.2\u2014Cracking of plastic concrete
1.2.1 Plastic shrinkage cracking
1.2.2 Settlement cracking <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
212<\/td>\n1.3\u2014Cracking of hardened concrete
1.3.1 Drying shrinkage <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
213<\/td>\n1.3.2 Thermal stresses
1.3.3 Chemical reaction <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
214<\/td>\n1.3.4 Weathering
1.3.5 Corrosion of reinforcement <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
215<\/td>\n1.3.6 Poor construction practices
1.3.7 Construction overloads <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
216<\/td>\n1.3.8 Errors in design and detailing <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
217<\/td>\n1.3.9 Externally applied loads <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
218<\/td>\nCHAPTER 2\u2014 EVALUATION OF CRACKING
2.1\u2014 Introduction
2.2\u2014Determination of location and extent of concrete cracking
2.2.1 Direct and indirect observation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
220<\/td>\n2.2.2 Nondestructive testing <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
221<\/td>\n2.2.3 Tests on concrete cores
2.2.4 Review of drawings and construction data <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
222<\/td>\n2.3\u2014Selection of repair procedures
CHAPTER 3\u2014 METHODS OF CRACK REPAIR
3.1\u2014 Introduction
3.2\u2014Epoxy injection <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
223<\/td>\n3.3\u2014Routing and sealing <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
224<\/td>\n3.4\u2014Near-surface reinforcing and pinning
3.5\u2014Additional reinforcement
3.5.1 Conventional reinforcement <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
225<\/td>\n3.5.2 Prestressing steel
3.6\u2014Drilling and plugging
3.7\u2014Gravity filling <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
226<\/td>\n3.8\u2014Grouting
3.8.1 Portland-cement grouting
3.8.2 Chemical grouting
3.9\u2014Drypacking
3.10\u2014Crack arrest <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
227<\/td>\n3.11\u2014Polymer impregnation
3.12\u2014Overlay and surface treatments
3.13\u2014Autogenous healing
CHAPTER 4\u2014 REFERENCES
4.1\u2014 Referenced standards and reports <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
228<\/td>\n4.2\u2014Cited references <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
232<\/td>\nTITLE PAGE <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
234<\/td>\nCHAPTER 1\u2014INTRODUCTION
1.1\u2014Purpose
1.2\u2014Scope
CHAPTER 2\u2014DEFINITIONS
CHAPTER 3\u2014PREBID AND PRECONSTRUCTION MEETINGS
3.1\u2014Prebid meeting
3.2\u2014Preconstruction meeting <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
235<\/td>\nCHAPTER 4\u2014CLASSES OF FLOORS
4.1\u2014Classification of floors
4.2\u2014Single-course monolithic floors: Classes 1, 2, 4, 5, and 6
4.3\u2014Two-course floors: Classes 3, 7, and 8 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
237<\/td>\n4.4\u2014Class 9 floors
4.5\u2014Special finish floors
CHAPTER 5\u2014DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
5.1\u2014Scope
5.2\u2014Slabs-on-ground <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
242<\/td>\n5.3\u2014Suspended slabs <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
244<\/td>\n5.4\u2014Miscellaneous details <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
245<\/td>\nCHAPTER 6\u2014SITE PREPARATION AND PLACING ENVIRONMENT
6.1\u2014Soil-support system preparation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
247<\/td>\n6.2\u2014Suspended slabs
6.3\u2014Bulkheads
6.4\u2014Setting screed guides
6.5\u2014Installation of auxiliary materials
6.6\u2014Concrete placement conditions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
248<\/td>\nCHAPTER 7\u2014ASSOCIATED MATERIALS
7.1\u2014Introduction
7.2\u2014Reinforcement <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
249<\/td>\n7.3\u2014Special-purpose aggregates
7.4\u2014Monomolecular films
7.5\u2014Curing materials <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
250<\/td>\n7.6\u2014Gloss-imparting waxes
7.7\u2014Liquid surface treatments <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
251<\/td>\n7.8\u2014Joint materials
7.9\u2014Volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
CHAPTER 8\u2014CONCRETE MATERIALS AND MIXTURE PROPORTIONING
8.1\u2014Introduction
8.2\u2014Concrete
8.3\u2014Concrete properties <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
252<\/td>\n8.4\u2014Recommended concrete mixture <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
254<\/td>\n8.5\u2014Aggregates <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
255<\/td>\n8.6\u2014Portland cement <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
256<\/td>\n8.7\u2014Water
8.8\u2014Admixtures <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
258<\/td>\n8.9\u2014Concrete mixture analysis <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
262<\/td>\nCHAPTER 9\u2014BATCHING, MIXING, AND TRANSPORTING
9.1\u2014Batching <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
263<\/td>\n9.2\u2014Mixing
9.3\u2014Transporting <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
264<\/td>\nCHAPTER 10\u2014PLACING, CONSOLIDATING, AND FINISHING
10.1\u2014Placing operations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
265<\/td>\n10.2\u2014Tools for spreading, consolidating, and finishing <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
268<\/td>\n10.3\u2014Spreading, consolidating, and finishing operations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
275<\/td>\n10.4\u2014Finishing Class 1, 2, and 3 floors
10.5\u2014Finishing Class 4 and 5 floors
10.6\u2014Finishing Class 6 floors and monolithic-surface treatments for wear resistance <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
277<\/td>\n10.7\u2014Finishing Class 7 floors <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
278<\/td>\n10.8\u2014Finishing Class 8 floors (two-course unbonded)
10.9\u2014Finishing Class 9 floors <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
279<\/td>\n10.10\u2014Toppings for precast floors
10.11\u2014Finishing lightweight concrete <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
281<\/td>\n10.12\u2014Nonslip floors
10.13\u2014Decorative and nonslip treatments <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
283<\/td>\n10.14\u2014Grinding as repair procedure
10.15\u2014Floor flatness and levelness <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
287<\/td>\n10.16\u2014Treatment when bleeding is a problem <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
288<\/td>\n10.17\u2014Delays in cold-weather finishing
CHAPTER 11\u2014CURING, PROTECTION, AND JOINT FILLING
11.1\u2014Purpose of curing
11.2\u2014Methods of curing <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
289<\/td>\n11.3\u2014Curing at joints
11.4\u2014Curing special concrete <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
290<\/td>\n11.5\u2014Length of curing
11.6\u2014Preventing plastic shrinkage cracking
11.7\u2014Curing after grinding
11.8\u2014Protection of slab during construction
11.9\u2014Temperature drawdown in cold storage and freezer rooms <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
291<\/td>\n11.10\u2014Joint filling and sealing
CHAPTER 12\u2014QUALITY CONTROL CHECKLIST
12.1\u2014Introduction
12.2\u2014Partial list of important items to be observed <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
292<\/td>\nCHAPTER 13\u2014CAUSES OF FLOOR AND SLAB SURFACE IMPERFECTIONS
13.1\u2014Introduction <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
293<\/td>\n13.2\u2014Random cracking <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
296<\/td>\n13.3\u2014Low wear resistance
13.4\u2014Dusting <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
297<\/td>\n13.5\u2014Scaling <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
298<\/td>\n13.6\u2014Popouts <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
299<\/td>\n13.7\u2014Blisters and delamination <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
300<\/td>\n13.8\u2014Spalling <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
301<\/td>\n13.9\u2014Discoloration <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
302<\/td>\n13.10\u2014Low spots and poor drainage
13.11\u2014Slab edge curling <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
304<\/td>\n13.12\u2014Evaluation of slab surface imperfections
CHAPTER 14\u2014REFERENCES <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
306<\/td>\nAuthored documents <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
308<\/td>\n07–302.2R-06
CONTENTS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
309<\/td>\nCHAPTER 1\u2014 INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND
1.1\u2014 Introduction
1.2\u2014Flooring moisture issues
1.3\u2014Concrete slabs that receive flooring materials
1.4\u2014Changes in construction methods and materials that affect floor systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
310<\/td>\n1.5\u2014Floor flatness changes with time <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
311<\/td>\n1.6\u2014Other considerations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
312<\/td>\nCHAPTER 2\u2014 CONCRETE MOISTURE BASICS
2.1\u2014 Introduction
2.2\u2014Moisture movement
2.2.1 Drying of concrete slab-on-ground
2.2.2 Drying of suspended concrete slab <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
313<\/td>\n2.2.3 Drying of concrete slab-on-ground with water or water vapor below
2.3\u2014Concrete drying profiles
2.3.1 Hanson (1968)
2.3.2 Abrams and Orals (1965)
2.3.3 Carrier et al. (1975) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
314<\/td>\n2.3.4 Initial moisture profile
2.4\u2014Effects of moisture movement
2.4.1 Slab curling <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
315<\/td>\n2.4.2 Joint bulging <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
316<\/td>\n2.4.3 Moisture movement effects on testing <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
317<\/td>\n2.5\u2014Equilibrium moisture content
2.6\u2014Drying and wetting of concrete
2.6.1 Adsorption and desorption effects <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
318<\/td>\n2.6.2 Effect of sorption hysteresis on testing
2.6.3 Rewetting of concrete <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
319<\/td>\n2.7\u2014Moisture loss during drying
CHAPTER 3\u2014 CONCRETE MOISTURE TESTING
3.1\u2014 Introduction
3.2\u2014Standard guides and test methods <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
320<\/td>\n3.3\u2014Qualitative and quantitative tests
3.3.1 Introduction
3.3.2 Plastic sheet test
3.3.3 Mat and primer tests <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
321<\/td>\n3.3.4 Moisture meters
3.3.5 Calcium chloride tests <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
322<\/td>\n3.3.6 Relative humidity test
3.4\u2014Test parameters
3.4.1 Test frequency <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
323<\/td>\n3.4.2 Test location
3.4.3 Test environment <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
324<\/td>\n3.4.4 Surface preparation
3.4.5 Responsible testing party
3.4.6 Acceptance criteria <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
325<\/td>\n3.4.7 Using multiple test methods
3.4.8 Modified surface testing
3.4.9 Testing with no vapor retarder\/barrier directly under
\nconcrete
3.5\u2014Underlayment testing
3.6\u2014Comments on moisture vapor emission rate tests <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
326<\/td>\nCHAPTER 4\u2014 CONCRETE pH TESTING
4.1\u2014 Introduction <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
327<\/td>\n4.2\u2014Test methods
4.3\u2014ASTM test differences
4.4\u2014Factors affecting pH test results
4.4.1 Wetting time
4.4.2 Test kit components
4.4.3 Carbonation
4.4.4 Surface preparation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
328<\/td>\n4.4.5 Adhesive water
4.4.6 Number of tests
CHAPTER 5\u2014 FLOOR COVERING AND ADHESIVE MANUFACTURER\u2019S RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1\u2014 Introduction
5.2\u2014Manufacturer\u2019s recommendations
5.2.1 Vapor retarder\/barrier <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
329<\/td>\n5.2.2 Concrete materials and properties
5.2.3 Curing
5.2.4 Surface finish
5.2.5 Floor flatness
5.2.6 Moisture condition
5.2.7 pH
5.2.8 Surface preparation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
330<\/td>\n5.2.9 Repairs
5.3\u2014Dealing with multiple floor covering requirements
CHAPTER 6\u2014 DRYING OF CONCRETE
6.1\u2014 Introduction <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
331<\/td>\n6.2\u2014Concrete drying with no external source of moisture
6.3\u2014Concrete drying: exposed to moisture from below <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
332<\/td>\n6.4\u2014Concrete drying: exposed to moisture from above
6.5\u2014Concrete drying from both sides <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
333<\/td>\n6.6\u2014Effect of concrete-making materials
6.7\u2014Effect of fresh and hardened concrete properties
6.8\u2014Effect of thickness
6.9\u2014Effect of curing <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
334<\/td>\n6.10\u2014Drying of mature concrete
6.11\u2014Effect of drying environment <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
335<\/td>\n6.12\u2014Drying at exposed edge
6.13\u2014Drying of lightweight concrete
CHAPTER 7\u2014 VAPOR RETARDER\/BARRIER
7.1\u2014 Introduction
7.1.1 Composition <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
336<\/td>\n7.1.2 Vapor retarders and vapor barriers
7.2\u2014Vapor retarder\/barrier location
7.2.1 Benefits of concrete placed on granular layer
7.2.2 Benefits of concrete placed directly on vapor
\nretarder\/barrier
7.2.3 Granular layer as water reservoir <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
337<\/td>\n7.2.4 ACI 302\/360 Task Group recommendations on vapor retarder\/barrier location
7.3\u2014Vapor transmission through retarder\/barrier
7.3.1 Perm rating
7.3.2 Water vapor transmission through punctures <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
339<\/td>\n7.3.3 Puncture resistance
7.3.4 Effectiveness of vapor retarder\/barrier in reducing water vapor inflow
7.3.5
CHAPTER 8\u2014 FLOOR COVERING MATERIALS
8.1\u2014 Introduction <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
340<\/td>\n8.2\u2014Communication between architect and engineer
8.3\u2014Floor covering technical resources
8.4\u2014Floor adhesives and coverings
8.4.1 Adhesives
8.4.2 Floor coverings <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
341<\/td>\n8.5\u2014Effect of moisture in flooring adhesives
8.6\u2014Effect of concrete moisture on adhesive performance <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
342<\/td>\nCHAPTER 9\u2014 DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION RECOMMENDATIONS
9.1\u2014 Introduction
9.2\u2014Testing <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
343<\/td>\n9.3\u2014Vapor retarder\/barrier <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
344<\/td>\n9.4\u2014Concrete materials
9.5\u2014Concrete properties
9.5.1 Selecting a w\/cm
9.6\u2014Surface finish <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
345<\/td>\n9.6.1 Floor flatness
9.7\u2014Curing
9.8\u2014Surface preparation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
346<\/td>\n9.9\u2014Repairs
9.10\u2014Protection
9.11\u2014Moisture mitigation
CHAPTER 10\u2014 REFERENCES
10.1\u2014 Referenced standards and reports <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
347<\/td>\n10.2\u2014Cited references <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
348<\/td>\nAPPENDIX\u2014 TWO CASE STUDIES OF MOISTURE-RELATED FLOORING PROBLEMS
A.1\u2014 Value engineering results in flooring failure <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
349<\/td>\nA.2\u2014 Postconstruction trench drains results in flooring failure <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
350<\/td>\nCONTENTS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
351<\/td>\nCHAPTER 1\u2014 INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER 2\u2014 DEFINITIONS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
352<\/td>\nCHAPTER 3\u2014 ARCHITECTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
3.1\u2014Architectural features
3.1.1 General acceptance criteria
3.1.2 Measurement
3.1.3 Variations in color and shading
3.1.4 Finishes
3.2\u2014Architectural design
3.2.1 General criteria
3.2.2 Details of architectural design
3.2.2.1 Unchamfered corners <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
353<\/td>\n3.2.2.2 Chamfered corners
3.2.2.3 Joints
3.2.2.4 Soffits
3.2.2.5 Sloped surfaces <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
354<\/td>\n3.2.3 Combination with precast concrete
3.3\u2014Coatings and sealers
3.3.1 Purpose <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
355<\/td>\n3.4\u2014Joint sealants
3.5\u2014Specifications
3.5.1 General
3.5.2 Design reference sample
3.5.3 Mandatory prebid conference
3.5.4 Preconstruction mockup <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
356<\/td>\n3.5.5 Shop drawings
3.5.6 Inspection and quality control
3.5.6.1 General
3.5.6.2 Qualification of the inspector
3.5.6.3 Duties of the inspector
3.5.6.4 Final acceptance
CHAPTER 4\u2014 STRUCTURAL CONSIDERATIONS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
357<\/td>\n4.1\u2014Spalling
4.2\u2014Deflections
4.3\u2014Cracking
4.4\u2014Joints
4.5\u2014Beams and slabs <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
358<\/td>\n4.6\u2014Columns
4.7\u2014Walls <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
359<\/td>\nCHAPTER 5\u2014 FORMS
5.1\u2014General
5.2\u2014Materials <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
360<\/td>\n5.2.1 Lumber
5.2.2 Plywood
5.2.3 Metals <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
361<\/td>\n5.2.4 Plastics
5.2.5 Plaster waste molds
5.3\u2014Economics
5.4\u2014Formwork accuracy <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
362<\/td>\n5.4.1 Bracing and walers
5.4.2 Tolerances
5.5\u2014Form joints
5.5.1 Prevention of leakage
5.5.2 Fins
5.6\u2014Textures and patterns
5.6.1 Form marks <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
363<\/td>\n5.6.2 Form liners
5.7\u2014Formwork accessories
5.7.1 Ties <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
364<\/td>\n5.7.2 Tie removal
5.8\u2014Form coatings and sealers
5.8.1 Function <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
365<\/td>\n5.8.2 Types of coatings and sealers
5.8.2.1 Mill-sealed form panels
5.8.2.2 Field-applied coatings
5.9\u2014Form release agents
5.9.1 General
5.9.2 Selection
5.9.3 Types of release agents <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
366<\/td>\n5.9.4 Influence of form materials
5.9.5 Site storage
5.9.6 Application of release agents <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
367<\/td>\n5.10\u2014Form removal
5.10.1 General
5.10.2 Protection of concrete
5.10.3 Procedures for form removal
5.10.4 Protection and care of forms
CHAPTER 6\u2014 REINFORCEMENT
6.1\u2014General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
368<\/td>\n6.2\u2014Clear space
6.2.1 Clear spacing between bars
6.3\u2014Reinforcement supports and spacers
6.4\u2014Tie wire
6.5\u2014Zinc-coated (galvanized) steel reinforcement <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
369<\/td>\n6.6\u2014Epoxy-coated reinforcing bars
CHAPTER 7\u2014 CONCRETE MATERIALS AND MIXTURE PROPORTIONING
7.1\u2014General
7.2\u2014Materials
7.2.1 Portland cements and special cements
7.2.2 Aggregates <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
370<\/td>\n7.2.3 Admixtures
7.2.3.1 Air-entraining agents
7.2.3.2 Accelerating admixtures
7.2.3.3 Water-reducing and set-retarding admixtures
7.2.3.4 Pozzolans and slag
7.2.4 Pigments and color admixtures
7.2.5 Water <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
371<\/td>\n7.3\u2014Proportioning, mixing, and temperature control
7.3.1 Temperature
CHAPTER 8\u2014 PLACING AND CONSOLIDATION
8.1\u2014Conveying and placing
8.1.1 General
8.1.2 Conveying
8.1.3 Depositing in the form
8.2\u2014Consolidation
8.2.1 General
8.2.2 Internal (immersion) vibration <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
372<\/td>\n8.2.3 Form vibration
8.2.4 Revibration
8.2.5 Spading
CHAPTER 9\u2014 CURING
9.1\u2014General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
373<\/td>\n9.2\u2014Curing in forms
9.3\u2014Moist curing
9.4\u2014Membrane curing
9.5\u2014Hot weather curing
CHAPTER 10\u2014 TREATED ARCHITECTURAL SURFACES
10.1\u2014Surface retarders
10.2\u2014High-pressure water jet
10.3\u2014Acid wash <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
374<\/td>\n10.4\u2014Abrasive blasting
10.5\u2014Tooling or other mechanical treatments <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
375<\/td>\n10.5.1 Bush-hammering
10.5.2 Grinding
10.5.3 Manual treatment
CHAPTER 11\u2014 FINISHING AND FINAL CLEANUP
11.1\u2014General
11.2\u2014Tie holes
11.3\u2014Blemish repair <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
376<\/td>\n11.4\u2014Stain removal
11.5\u2014Sealers and coatings
CHAPTER 12\u2014 REFERENCES <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
377<\/td>\n12.2\u2014Cited references <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
378<\/td>\nAPPENDIX A\u2014 ARCHITECTURAL CONCRETE PHOTOS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
382<\/td>\n09–304R-00(09)
CONTENTS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
383<\/td>\nCHAPTER 1\u2014 INTRODUCTION
1.1\u2014 Scope
1.2\u2014Objective <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
384<\/td>\n1.3\u2014Other considerations
CHAPTER 2\u2014 CONTROL, HANDLING, AND STORAGE OF MATERIALS
2.1\u2014 General considerations
2.2\u2014Aggregates
2.2.1 Coarse aggregate
2.2.1.1 Sizes
2.2.1.2 Control of undersized material
2.2.2 Fine aggregate (sand) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
386<\/td>\n2.2.3 Storage
2.2.4 Moisture control
2.2.5 Samples for test
2.3\u2014Cement <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
387<\/td>\n2.4\u2014Ground slag and pozzolans
2.5\u2014Admixtures
2.6\u2014Water and ice
2.7\u2014Fiber reinforcement
CHAPTER 3\u2014 MEASUREMENT AND BATCHING
3.1\u2014 General requirements
3.1.1 Objectives
3.1.2 Tolerances <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
388<\/td>\n3.2\u2014Bins and weigh batchers
3.3\u2014Plant type
3.3.1 Manual weigh batching
3.3.2 Partially automatic weigh batching
3.3.3 Semiautomatic weigh batching
3.3.4 Automatic weigh batching
3.3.4.1 Cumulative automatic weigh batching
3.3.4.2 Individual automatic weigh batching
3.3.5 Volumetric batching <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
390<\/td>\n3.4\u2014Cementitious materials
3.4.1 Batching
3.4.2 Discharging
3.5\u2014Water and ice measurement
3.5.1 Batching equipment
3.5.2 Aggregate moisture determination and compensation
3.5.3 Total mixing water
3.6\u2014Measurement of admixtures <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
391<\/td>\n3.7\u2014Measurement of materials for small jobs
3.8\u2014Other considerations
CHAPTER 4\u2014 MIXING AND TRANSPORTING
4.1\u2014 General requirements
4.2\u2014Mixing equipment
4.2.1 Tilting drum mixer
4.2.2 Nontilting drum mixer
4.2.3 Vertical shaft mixer
4.2.4 Pugmill mixers
4.2.5 Truck mixers
4.2.6 Continuous mixing equipment <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
392<\/td>\n4.2.7 Separate paste mixing
4.3\u2014Central-mixed concrete
4.4\u2014Truck-mixed concrete
4.5\u2014Charging and mixing
4.5.1 Central mixing
4.5.2 Truck mixing <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
393<\/td>\n4.5.3 Water
4.5.3.1 Mixing water
4.5.3.2 Addition of water on the job
4.5.3.3 Wash water
4.6\u2014Mixture temperature <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
394<\/td>\n4.7\u2014Discharging
4.8\u2014Mixer performance
4.9\u2014Maintenance
4.10\u2014General considerations for transporting concrete
4.10.1 General
4.10.2 Revolving drum
4.10.3 Truck body with and without an agitator
4.10.4 Concrete buckets on trucks or railroad cars <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
395<\/td>\n4.10.5 Other methods
4.11\u2014Returned concrete
4.11.1 Admixtures
4.11.2 Mechanical methods
CHAPTER 5\u2014 PLACING CONCRETE
5.1\u2014 General considerations
5.2\u2014Planning <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
399<\/td>\n5.3\u2014Reinforcement and embedded items
5.4\u2014Placing
5.4.1 Precautions
5.4.2 Equipment
5.4.2.1 Buckets and hoppers
5.4.2.2 Manual or motor-propelled buggies
5.4.2.3 Chutes and drop chutes <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
400<\/td>\n5.4.2.4 Paving equipment
5.4.2.5 Slipforming
5.5\u2014Consolidation
5.6\u2014Mass concreting
CHAPTER 6\u2014 FORMS, JOINT PREPARATION, AND FINISHING
6.1\u2014 Forms <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
402<\/td>\n6.2\u2014Joint preparation
6.3\u2014Finishing unformed surfaces <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
403<\/td>\nCHAPTER 7\u2014 PREPLACED-AGGREGATE CONCRETE
7.1\u2014General considerations
7.2\u2014Materials
7.2.1 Cement
7.2.2 Coarse aggregate
7.2.3 Fine aggregate
7.2.4 Pozzolan
7.2.5 Admixtures
7.2.5.1 Grout fluidifier
7.2.5.2 Calcium chloride <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
404<\/td>\n7.3\u2014Grout proportioning
7.3.1 Cementitious materials
7.3.2 Fine aggregate
7.3.3 Proportioning requirements
7.3.4 Consistency of grout
7.4\u2014Temperature control
7.5\u2014Forms
7.6\u2014Grout pipe systems
7.6.1 Delivery pipes
7.6.2 Grout insertion pipes <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
405<\/td>\n7.6.3 Vent pipes
7.7\u2014Coarse aggregate placement
7.7.1 Preparation for placement
7.7.2 Aggregate placement
7.7.3 Contamination
7.8\u2014Grout mixing and pumping
7.8.1 Mixers
7.8.2 Pumps
7.8.3 Grout injection <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
406<\/td>\n7.8.4 Grout surface determination
7.9\u2014Joint construction
7.9.1 Cold joints
7.9.2 Construction joints
7.10\u2014Finishing
7.11\u2014Quality control
CHAPTER 8\u2014 CONCRETE PLACED UNDER WATER
8.1\u2014 General considerations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
407<\/td>\n8.1.1 Scope
8.1.2 Methods available
8.1.3 Basic technique
8.2\u2014Materials
8.2.1 General requirements
8.2.2 Aggregates
8.2.3 Admixtures
8.3\u2014Mixture proportioning
8.3.1 Basic proportions
8.3.2 Final selection
8.4\u2014Concrete production and testing
8.4.1 Production sampling and testing
8.4.2 Concrete temperature
8.5\u2014Tremie equipment and placement procedure
8.5.1 Tremie pipes <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
408<\/td>\n8.5.2 Placement procedures
8.5.2.1 Pipe spacing
8.5.2.2 Starting placements
8.5.2.3 Placing
8.5.2.4 Horizontal distribution of concrete <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
409<\/td>\n8.5.3 Postplacement evaluation
8.6\u2014Direct pumping
8.7\u2014Concrete characteristics
8.8\u2014Precautions
8.8.1 Inspection
8.8.2 Loss of seal
8.8.3 Go-devils
8.8.4 Laitance <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
410<\/td>\n8.8.5 Cracking
8.8.5.1 Cement content
8.8.5.2 Placement environment
8.8.5.3 Volume
8.8.5.4 Restraint
8.8.6 Detailing
8.8.7 Preplacement planning
8.8.8 Personnel
8.9\u2014Special applications
8.9.1 Fabric forming
8.9.2 Diaphragm-wall construction <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
411<\/td>\n8.10\u2014Antiwashout admixtures
CHAPTER 9\u2014 PUMPING CONCRETE
9.1\u2014 General considerations
9.2\u2014Pumping equipment
9.3\u2014Pipeline and accessories
9.3.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
412<\/td>\n9.3.2 Pipeline components
9.4\u2014Proportioning pumpable concrete
9.4.1 Basic considerations
9.4.2 Coarse aggregate
9.4.3 Fine aggregate
9.4.4 Combined normalweight aggregates
9.4.5 Water <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
413<\/td>\n9.4.6 Cementitious materials
9.4.7 Admixtures
9.5\u2014Field practice
9.6\u2014Field Control
CHAPTER 10\u2014 CONVEYING CONCRETE
10.1\u2014 General considerations
10.2\u2014Conveyor operation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
414<\/td>\n10.3\u2014Conveyor design
10.4\u2014Types of concrete conveyors
10.4.1 Portable conveyors <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
415<\/td>\n10.4.2 Feeder conveyors
10.4.3 Spreading conveyors
10.4.3.1 Radial spreaders
10.4.3.2 Side-discharge conveyors
10.4.3.3 Conveyor combinations
10.5\u2014Field practice <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
416<\/td>\nCHAPTER 11\u2014 HEAVYWEIGHT AND RADIATION- SHIELDING CONCRETE
11.1\u2014General considerations
11.2\u2014Materials
11.2.1 General
11.2.2 Aggregate
11.2.3 Proprietary premixed mortar
11.3\u2014Concrete characteristics
11.3.1 Physical properties <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
417<\/td>\n11.3.2 Mixture proportioning
11.4\u2014Mixing equipment
11.5\u2014Formwork
11.6\u2014Placement
11.6.1 Conventional method <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
418<\/td>\n11.6.2 Preplaced-aggregate method
11.7\u2014Quality control
11.7.1 Samples and testing
11.7.2 Control tests <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
419<\/td>\n11.7.3 Inspection
CHAPTER 12\u2014 LIGHTWEIGHT STRUCTURAL CONCRETE
12.1\u2014 General considerations
12.2\u2014Measuring and batching
12.2.1 Free water and absorbed water
12.2.2 Unit-weight variations
12.2.3 Volume-weight batching of coarse aggregate <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
420<\/td>\n12.2.3.1 Calibrating the weighing hopper
12.2.4 Batching lightweight fine aggregate
12.3\u2014Mixing
12.3.1 Charging mixers
12.3.1.1 Stationary mixers
12.3.1.2 Truck mixers
12.3.2 Mixer operation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
421<\/td>\n12.4\u2014Job controls
CHAPTER 13\u2014 VOLUMETRIC-MEASURING AND CONTINUOUS- MIXING CONCRETE EQUIPMENT
13.1\u2014 General Considerations
13.2\u2014Operations
13.3\u2014Fresh concrete properties <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
422<\/td>\nCHAPTER 14\u2014 REFERENCES
14.1\u2014 Referenced standards and reports <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
423<\/td>\n14.2\u2014Cited references <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
425<\/td>\nTITLE PAGE <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
426<\/td>\nCHAPTER 1\u2014INTRODUCTION AND SCOPE
1.1\u2014Introduction
1.2\u2014Scope
CHAPTER 2\u2014DEFINITIONS
CHAPTER 3\u2014PUMPING CONCRETE
3.1\u2014Mixture component distribution <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
427<\/td>\n3.2\u2014Disruptions to flow <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
428<\/td>\nCHAPTER 4\u2014PUMPING EQUIPMENT AND COMPONENTS
4.1\u2014Piston pumps
4.2\u2014Valve types <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
429<\/td>\n4.3\u2014Trailer pumps
4.4\u2014Truck-mounted concrete pumps <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
430<\/td>\n4.5\u2014Separate placing booms
4.6\u2014Specialized equipment
4.7\u2014Pipeline and accessories <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
433<\/td>\n4.8\u2014Flexible system hose types and applications
4.9\u2014Concrete placing system accessories <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
435<\/td>\nCHAPTER 5\u2014PUMPABLE CONCRETE
5.1\u2014Basic considerations
5.2\u2014Normalweight aggregate <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
436<\/td>\n5.3\u2014Lightweight aggregate concrete
5.4\u2014Water and slump <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
438<\/td>\n5.5\u2014Cementitious materials
5.6\u2014Admixtures
5.7\u2014Fiber reinforcement <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
439<\/td>\n5.8\u2014Trial mixtures and pumpability testing
5.9\u2014Estimating performance
CHAPTER 6\u2014FIELD PRACTICES
6.1\u2014General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
440<\/td>\n6.2\u2014Pipeline concrete placement <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
441<\/td>\n6.3\u2014Powered boom placement <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
442<\/td>\n6.4\u2014Equipment and operational safety
6.5\u2014Reduction in air content <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
443<\/td>\nCHAPTER 7\u2014FIELD CONTROL
CHAPTER 8\u2014REFERENCES
Authored documents <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
445<\/td>\n304.4R-20.pdf
TITLE PAGE <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
446<\/td>\nCHAPTER 1\u2014INTRODUCTION
1.1\u2014General
1.2\u2014History
1.3\u2014Concrete conveyor development
CHAPTER 2\u2014DEFINITIONS
CHAPTER 3\u2014DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
3.1\u2014General requirements <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
447<\/td>\n3.2\u2014Concrete ribbon parameters <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
448<\/td>\n3.3\u2014Belt charging
3.4\u2014Belt discharge
3.5\u2014Belt conveyor design principles <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
450<\/td>\n3.6\u2014Concrete mixture proportioning for conveying <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
451<\/td>\n3.7\u2014Specifications
CHAPTER 4\u2014TYPES OF CONVEYORS AND FUNCTIONS
4.1\u2014General
4.2\u2014Portable conveyors
4.3\u2014Feeder conveyors <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
453<\/td>\n4.4\u2014Spreading conveyors <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
455<\/td>\n4.5\u2014Conveyor combinations
4.6\u2014Special belt conveyors <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
456<\/td>\n4.7\u2014Truck-mounted conveyors <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
457<\/td>\n4.8\u2014Economics of conveyor placement <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
458<\/td>\nCHAPTER 5\u2014FIELD PRACTICE
5.1\u2014Selection of conveyors
5.2\u2014Actual capacity
5.3\u2014Conveyor charging <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
459<\/td>\n5.4\u2014Discharge control
5.5\u2014Maintenance <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
460<\/td>\nCHAPTER 6\u2014INSPECTION AND TESTING
6.1\u2014Concrete inspection
6.2\u2014Testing
CHAPTER 7\u2014REFERENCES
Authored references <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
461<\/td>\nTITLE PAGE <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
462<\/td>\nCHAPTER 1\u2014INTRODUCTION AND SCOPE
1.1\u2014Introduction
1.2\u2014Scope
CHAPTER 2\u2014NOTATION AND DEFINITIONS
2.1\u2014Notation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
463<\/td>\n2.2\u2014Definitions
CHAPTER 3\u2014POTENTIAL PROBLEMS AND PRACTICES
3.1\u2014Potential problems in hot weather
3.2\u2014Potential problems related to other factors
3.3\u2014Practices for hot weather concreting <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
464<\/td>\nCHAPTER 4\u2014EFFECTS OF HOT WEATHER ON CONCRETE PROPERTIES
4.1\u2014General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
467<\/td>\n4.2\u2014Calculating estimated evaporation rate <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
469<\/td>\n4.3\u2014Effects of temperature of concrete
4.4\u2014Maximum ambient and concrete temperature <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
470<\/td>\n4.5\u2014Water <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
471<\/td>\n4.6\u2014Cement <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
472<\/td>\n4.7\u2014Supplementary cementitious materials
4.8\u2014Chemical admixtures <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
474<\/td>\n4.9\u2014Aggregates
4.10\u2014Fibers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
475<\/td>\n4.11\u2014Proportioning <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
476<\/td>\nCHAPTER 5\u2014PRODUCTION AND DELIVERY
5.1\u2014General
5.2\u2014Temperature control of concrete <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
477<\/td>\n5.3\u2014Batching and mixing <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
478<\/td>\n5.4\u2014Delivery
5.5\u2014Slump adjustment
5.6\u2014Properties of concrete mixtures
5.7\u2014Retempering
CHAPTER 6\u2014PLACING AND CURING
6.1\u2014General
6.2\u2014Preparations for placing and curing <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
479<\/td>\n6.3\u2014Placement and finishing <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
480<\/td>\n6.4\u2014Curing and protection <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
481<\/td>\nCHAPTER 7\u2014TESTING AND INSPECTION
7.1\u2014Testing
7.2\u2014Inspection <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
482<\/td>\nCHAPTER 8\u2014REFERENCES
8.1\u2014Referenced standards and reports <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
483<\/td>\n8.2\u2014Cited references <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
485<\/td>\nAPPENDIX A\u2014ESTIMATING CONCRETE TEMPERATURE
A.1\u2014Estimating temperature of freshly mixed concrete
A.2\u2014Estimating temperature of concrete with ice
APPENDIX B\u2014METHODS FOR COOLING FRESH CONCRETE
B.1\u2014Cooling with chilled mixing water
B.2\u2014Liquid nitrogen cooling of mixing water
B.3\u2014Cooling concrete with ice <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
486<\/td>\nB.4\u2014Cooling mixed concrete with liquid nitrogen
B.5\u2014Cooling of coarse aggregates <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
488<\/td>\nSECTION 1\u2014GENERAL
1.1\u2014Scope
1.2\u2013\u2013Definitions
1.3\u2014Reference Standards
1.4\u2014Submittals <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
489<\/td>\n1.5\u2013\u2013Quality assurance, quality control, and acceptance of work
SECTION 2\u2014PRODUCTS
2.1\u2014General
SECTION 3\u2014EXECUTION
3.1\u2014General
3.2\u2014Maximum temperature of fresh concrete at time of discharge
3.3\u2014Qualification of concrete mixture <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
490<\/td>\n3.4\u2014Concrete production and delivery
3.5\u2014Concrete placement and finishing
3.6\u2014Concrete bleed-water evaporation
3.7\u2014Concrete curing
3.8\u2014Concrete protection
NOTES TO SPECIFIER
General notes <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
491<\/td>\nForeword to checklists <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
492<\/td>\nAPPENDIX A\u2013\u2013EXAMPLE OF UNO EQUATION USED TO DETERMINE SURFACE EVAPORATION RATE OF FRESH CONCRETE
APPENDIX B\u2013\u2013EXAMPLE OF NRMCA NOMOGRAPH FOR ESTIMATING SURFACE EVAPORATION RATE ON THE BASIS OF MENZEL FORMULA <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
494<\/td>\nTITLE PAGE
\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
495<\/td>\nCHAPTER 1\u2014INTRODUCTION AND SCOPE
1.1\u2014Introduction
1.2\u2014Scope
CHAPTER 2\u2014NOTATION AND DEFINITIONS
2.1\u2014Notation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
496<\/td>\n2.2\u2014Definitions
CHAPTER 3\u2014OBJECTIVES, PRINCIPLES, AND ECONOMY
3.1\u2014Objectives
3.2\u2014Principles <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
497<\/td>\n3.3\u2014Economy
CHAPTER 4\u2014GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS
4.1\u2014Planning
4.2\u2014Protection during unexpected freezing
4.3\u2014Concrete temperature
4.4\u2014Temperature records <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
498<\/td>\n4.5\u2014Heated enclosures
4.6\u2014Slab finishing
4.7\u2014Concrete workability
CHAPTER 5\u2014TEMPERATURE OF CONCRETE AS MIXED AND PLACED, AND HEATING OF MATERIALS
5.1\u2014Placement temperature <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
499<\/td>\n5.2\u2014Mixing temperature
5.3\u2014Heating mixing water
5.4\u2014Heating aggregates <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
500<\/td>\n5.5\u2014Steam heating of aggregates
5.6\u2014Overheating of aggregates
5.7\u2014Calculation of mixture temperature
5.8\u2014Temperature loss during delivery <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
501<\/td>\nCHAPTER 6\u2014PREPARATION BEFORE CONCRETING
6.1\u2014Preparation of surfaces in contact with fresh concrete
6.2\u2014Massive metallic embedments
6.3\u2014Subgrade condition
CHAPTER 7\u2014PROTECTION AGAINST FREEZING FOR CONCRETE NOT REQUIRING CONSTRUCTION SUPPORTS
7.1\u2014Protection methods <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
502<\/td>\n7.2\u2014Protection period
7.3\u2014Protection period for durability
7.4\u2014Protection for strength gain
7.5\u2014Temperature drop after removal of protection <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
503<\/td>\n7.6\u2014Allowable temperature differential during stripping
CHAPTER 8\u2014PROTECTION AGAINST FREEZING FOR STRUCTURAL CONCRETE REQUIRING CONSTRUCTION SUPPORTS
8.1\u2014Introduction
8.2\u2014Field-cured cylinders
8.3\u2014In-place testing
8.4\u2014Maturity testing <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
505<\/td>\n8.5\u2014Attainment of design strength
8.6\u2014Increasing early strength <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
506<\/td>\n8.7\u2014Cooling concrete
8.8\u2014Estimating strength development
8.9\u2014Removal of forms and supports <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
507<\/td>\n8.10\u2014Estimating strength development: modeling cold weather placements
CHAPTER 9\u2014EQUIPMENT, MATERIALS, AND METHODS OF TEMPERATURE PROTECTION
9.1\u2014Introduction
9.2\u2014Insulating materials
9.3\u2014Selection of insulation when supplementary heat is not used <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
512<\/td>\n9.4\u2014Selection of insulation for use with hydronic heaters
9.5\u2014Heaters
9.6\u2014Enclosures <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
513<\/td>\n9.7\u2014Internal heating
9.8\u2014Temperature monitoring
9.9\u2014Temporary removal of protection
9.10\u2014Insulated forms
CHAPTER 10\u2014CURING RECOMMENDATIONS AND METHODS
10.1\u2014Introduction
10.2\u2014Curing during the protection period inside an enclosure <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
514<\/td>\n10.3\u2014Curing following the protection period
CHAPTER 11\u2014ACCELERATION OF SETTING AND STRENGTH DEVELOPMENT
11.1\u2014Introduction
11.2\u2014Accelerating admixtures <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
515<\/td>\n11.3\u2014Cold weather admixture systems (CWASs)
11.4\u2014Rapid setting cements
CHAPTER 12\u2014REFERENCES <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
516<\/td>\nAuthored documents <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
517<\/td>\n15–306.1-90(02)
FOREWORD
F1.
F2.
F3.
F4.
PREFACE TO SPECIFICATION CHECKLIST
P1.
P2.
P3.
P4.
P5.
P6. <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
519<\/td>\nCONTENTS
1 – GENERAL
1.1 – Scope
1.1.1
1.1.2
1.2. – Definitions
1.3 – Reference organizations
1.4 – Reference standards
1.4.1 ACI Standards
1.4.2 ASTM Standards <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
520<\/td>\n1.5 – Submittal of procedures
1.5.1 Detailed procedures
2 – MATERIALS
2.1 Scheduling protection materials
2.2 – Concrete
3 – EXECUTION
3.1 – Preparation before concreting
3.2 – Concrete temperature
3.2.1 Placement temperature
3.2.2 Protection temperature
3.2.3 Termination of protection
3.3 – Curing of concrete
3.4 – Protection of concrete
3.4.1 Combustion heaters
3.4.2 Overheating and drying
3.4.3 Maximum air temperature
3.4.4 Protection against freezing
3.4.5 Protection for structural safety <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
521<\/td>\n3.4.6 Protection deficiency
APPENDIX – METRIC CONVERSIONS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
522<\/td>\nTITLE PAGE <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
523<\/td>\nCHAPTER 1\u2014INTRODUCTION
1.1\u2014Introduction
1.2\u2014Curing
1.3\u2014Curing and hydration of portland cement <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
526<\/td>\n1.4\u2014Deliberate curing procedures <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
531<\/td>\n1.5\u2014Curing-affected zone <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
532<\/td>\n1.6\u2014Concrete properties influenced by curing <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
533<\/td>\n1.7\u2014Effects of elevated temperature <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
535<\/td>\n1.8\u2014Sustainability <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
536<\/td>\nCHAPTER 2\u2014DEFINITIONS
CHAPTER 3\u2014CURING METHODS AND MATERIALS
3.1\u2014Scope
3.2\u2014Use of water for curing concrete
3.3\u2014Initial curing methods <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
537<\/td>\n3.4\u2014Final curing measures <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
541<\/td>\n3.5\u2014Termination of curing measures
3.6\u2014Cold-weather protection and curing <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
542<\/td>\n3.7\u2014Hot-weather protection and curing
3.8\u2014Accelerated curing
3.9\u2014Minimum curing requirements <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
543<\/td>\n3.10\u2014Temperature limits during curing <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
544<\/td>\nCHAPTER 4\u2014CURING FOR DIFFERENT TYPES OF CONSTRUCTION
4.1\u2014Pavements and other slabs on ground
4.2\u2014Buildings, bridges, and other structures <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
545<\/td>\n4.3\u2014Mass concrete <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
546<\/td>\n4.4\u2014Curing colored concrete floors and slabs
4.5\u2014Specialty constructions
CHAPTER 5\u2014MONITORING CURING AND CURING EFFECTIVENESS
5.1\u2014General
5.2\u2014Evaluating environmental conditions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
549<\/td>\n5.3\u2014Means to verify application of curing
5.4\u2014Impact of curing procedures on immediate environment <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
550<\/td>\n5.5\u2014Impact of curing procedures on moisture and temperature within concrete
5.6\u2014Maturity method
5.7\u2014Assessing curing effectiveness <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
551<\/td>\nCHAPTER 6\u2014REFERENCES <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
552<\/td>\nAuthored references <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
558<\/td>\n17–308.1-11
FOREWORD TO CHECKLISTS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
559<\/td>\nNOTES TO SPECIFIER
Preface
Mandatory requirements checklist <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
560<\/td>\nMANDATORY REQUIREMENTS CHECKLIST
OPTIONAL REQUIREMENTS CHECKLIST
SUBMITTALS CHECKLIST <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
561<\/td>\nSUBMITTALS CHECKLIST (cont.)
CONTENTS
PART 1\u2014 GENERAL
1.1\u2014 Scope
1.1.1 Work specified
1.1.2 Exclusions
1.1.3 Units
1.2\u2014Reference standards <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
562<\/td>\n1.3\u2014Definitions
1.4\u2014Submittals
1.4.1 Curing materials
1.4.1.1 Fogging equipment
1.4.1.2 Sheet material
1.4.1.3 Liquid membrane-forming curing compound
1.4.1.4 Water
1.4.1.5 Dike material
1.4.1.6 Absorbent materials
1.4.1.7 Watering equipment
1.4.1.8 Insulation materials
1.4.1.9 Heating equipment
1.4.1.10 Evaporation retardant
1.4.2 Curing procedures
1.5\u2014Quality assurance
1.5.1 General
1.5.2 Testing agencies
1.5.3 Support
PART 2\u2014 PRODUCTS
2.1\u2014 Physical protection
2.1.1 Liquid membrane-forming curing compound <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
563<\/td>\n2.1.2 Evaporation retardants
2.1.3 Sheet material
2.1.4 Temperature protection
2.1.5 Wind protection
2.2\u2014Water application
2.2.1 Ponding
2.2.2 Sprinkling systems
2.2.3 Fogging systems
2.2.4 Absorbent materials
2.2.4.1
2.2.4.2
PART 3\u2014 EXECUTION
3.1\u2014 Initial curing
3.1.1 Fogging
3.1.2 Evaporation retardant
3.2\u2014Final curing
3.2.1 Sheet material
3.2.1.1
3.2.1.2
3.2.2 Liquid membrane-forming curing compounds
3.2.2.1
3.2.2.2
3.2.3 Ponding
3.2.3.1
3.2.3.2
3.2.4 Sprinkling
3.2.4.1
3.2.4.2
3.2.5 Fogging <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
564<\/td>\n3.2.6 Absorbent material
3.3\u2014Termination of curing
3.3.1
3.3.2
3.3.2.1 General testing requirements
3.3.2.1.1 Nondestructive test method
3.3.2.1.2 Molded cylinder method
3.3.2.1.3 Maturity method
3.4\u2014Protection from mechanical injury
3.5\u2014Cold weather curing
3.5.1 General
3.5.2
3.5.3
3.5.4
3.5.5
3.5.6
3.6\u2014Hot weather curing
3.6.1 General
3.6.2 Final curing <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
565<\/td>\nCONTENTS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
566<\/td>\nCHAPTER 1\u2014 GENERAL <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
567<\/td>\nCHAPTER 2\u2014 EFFECT OF MIXTURE PROPORTIONS ON CONSOLIDATION
2.1\u2014Mixture proportions
2.2\u2014Workability and consistency <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
568<\/td>\n2.3\u2014Workability requirements
CHAPTER 3\u2014 METHODS OF CONSOLIDATION
3.1\u2014Manual methods <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
569<\/td>\n3.2\u2014Mechanical methods
3.3\u2014Methods used in combination
CHAPTER 4\u2014 CONSOLIDATION OF CONCRETE BY VIBRATION
4.1\u2014Vibratory motion
4.2\u2014Process of consolidation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
570<\/td>\nCHAPTER 5\u2014 EQUIPMENT FOR VIBRATION
5.1\u2014Internal vibrators
5.1.1 Flexible-shaft type <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
571<\/td>\n5.1.2 Electric motor-in-head type <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
572<\/td>\n5.1.3 Pneumatic vibrators
5.1.4 Hydraulic vibrators
5.1.5 Selecting an internal vibrator for the job <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
573<\/td>\n5.1.6 Special shapes of vibrator heads
5.1.7 Data to be supplied by manufacturer <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
574<\/td>\n5.2\u2014Form vibrators
5.2.1 General description
5.2.2 Types of form vibrators
5.2.2.1 Rotary
5.2.2.2 Reciprocating
5.2.2.3 Other types
5.2.3 Selecting external vibrators for vertical forms <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
575<\/td>\n5.3\u2014Vibrating tables <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
576<\/td>\n5.4\u2014Surface vibrators
5.5\u2014Vibrator maintenance <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
577<\/td>\n5.5.1 Preventive maintenance program
CHAPTER 6\u2014 FORMS
6.1\u2014General
6.2\u2014Sloping surfaces
6.3\u2014Surface blemishes
6.4\u2014Form tightness <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
578<\/td>\n6.5\u2014Forms for external vibration
6.5.1 General
6.5.2 Forming material
6.5.3 Design and construction <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
579<\/td>\nCHAPTER 7\u2014 RECOMMENDED VIBRATION PRACTICES FOR GENERAL CONSTRUCTION
7.1\u2014General
7.2\u2014Procedure for internal vibration <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
580<\/td>\n7.3\u2014Adequacy of internal vibration
7.4\u2014Vibration of reinforcement
7.5\u2014Revibration <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
581<\/td>\n7.6\u2014Form vibration
7.7\u2014Consequences of improper vibration
7.7.1 Honeycomb <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
582<\/td>\n7.7.2 Excessive entrapped-air voids
7.7.3 Sand streaking <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
583<\/td>\n7.7.4 Placement lines
7.7.5 Cold joints
7.7.6 Subsidence cracking
7.7.7
7.7.8
CHAPTER 8\u2014 STRUCTURAL CONCRETE
8.1\u2014 Design and detailing prerequisites <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
584<\/td>\n8.2\u2014Mixture requirements
8.3\u2014Internal vibration
8.4\u2014Form vibration
8.5\u2014Tunnel linings
CHAPTER 9\u2014 MASS CONCRETE <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
585<\/td>\n9.1\u2014Mixture requirements
9.2\u2014Vibration equipment
9.3\u2014Forms
9.4\u2014Vibration practices <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
586<\/td>\n9.5\u2014Roller-compacted concrete
CHAPTER 10\u2014 NORMAL-DENSITY CONCRETE FLOOR SLABS
10.1\u2014Mixture requirements <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
587<\/td>\n10.2\u2014Equipment
10.3\u2014Structural slabs
10.4\u2014Slabs on ground
10.4.1 Internal vibration
10.4.2 Surface vibration
10.5\u2014Heavy-duty industrial floors
10.6\u2014Vacuum dewatering <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
588<\/td>\nCHAPTER 11\u2014 PAVEMENTS
11.1\u2014 General
11.2\u2014Mixture requirements
11.3\u2014Equipment
11.3.1 Selection of equipment
11.3.2 General requirements
11.3.3 Internal vibrators <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
589<\/td>\n11.3.4 Surface vibrators
11.4\u2014Vibration procedures
11.4.1 Internal vibrations using gang-mounted vibrators <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
590<\/td>\n11.4.2 Surface vibration
11.4.2.1
11.4.2.2
11.4.3 Manual vibration
11.5\u2014Special precautions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
591<\/td>\nCHAPTER 12\u2014 PRECAST PRODUCTS
12.1\u2014 General
12.2\u2014Mixture requirements
12.3\u2014Forming material
12.4\u2014Choice of consolidation method <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
592<\/td>\n12.5\u2014Placing methods
CHAPTER 13\u2014 STRUCTURAL LOW- DENSITY CONCRETE
13.1\u2014 General
13.2\u2014Mixture requirements
13.3\u2014Behavior of structural low-density concrete during vibration
13.4\u2014Consolidation equipment and procedures
13.5\u2014Floors <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
593<\/td>\nCHAPTER 14\u2014 HIGH-DENSITY CONCRETE
14.1\u2014 General
14.2\u2014Mixture requirements
14.3\u2014Placing techniques
14.3.1 Conventional placing techniques
14.3.2 Special placing techniques
CHAPTER 15\u2014 SELF-CONSOLIDATING CONCRETE
15.1\u2014General
CHAPTER 16\u2014 QUALITY CONTROL AND QUALITY ASSURANCE
16.1\u2014General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
594<\/td>\n16.2\u2014Adequacy equipment and procedures
16.3\u2014Checking equipment performance
16.3.1 Frequency of internal vibrators
16.3.2 Amplitude of internal vibrators <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
595<\/td>\n16.3.3 Frequency and amplitude for external vibration
CHAPTER 17\u2014 CONSOLIDATION OF TEST SPECIMENS
17.1\u2014 Strength <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
596<\/td>\n17.2\u2014Density
17.3\u2014Air content
17.4\u2014Consolidating very stiff concrete in laboratory specimens
CHAPTER 18\u2014 CONSOLIDATION IN CONGESTED AREAS
18.1\u2014Common placing problems
18.1.1 Congestion of reinforcement
18.1.2 Electrical conduit, pipe sleeves, and otherembedded items
18.1.3 Boxouts
18.2\u2014Consolidation techniques
18.2.1 Placing and consolidation techniques <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
597<\/td>\n18.2.2 Use of chemical admixtures
18.2.3 Use of modified mixtures
18.2.4 Conclusion
CHAPTER 19\u2014 REFERENCES
19.1\u2014 Referenced standards and reports <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
598<\/td>\n19.2\u2014Cited references <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
599<\/td>\nAPPENDIX\u2014 FUNDAMENTALS OF VIBRATION
A.1\u2014 Principles of simple harmonic motion
A.2\u2014Action of a rotary vibrator
A.3\u2014Vibratory motion in the concrete <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
601<\/td>\nTITLE PAGE
SECTION 1\u2014GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
1.1\u2014Scope <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
602<\/td>\n1.2\u2014Qualifications
1.3\u2014Definitions
1.4\u2014Referenced standards
1.5\u2014Certification and accreditation organizations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
603<\/td>\n1.6\u2014Units of measurement
SECTION 2\u2014TESTING READY MIXED CONCRETE
2.1\u2014Sampling
2.2\u2014Frequency of sampling and testing
2.3\u2014Tests
2.4\u2014Number of strength test specimens
2.5\u2014Curing of strength test specimens
2.6\u2014Testing for strength
SECTION 3\u2014TRANSMITTALS
3.1\u2014Scope
3.2\u2014Reports
3.3\u2014Report information <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
604<\/td>\nNOTES TO SPECIFIERS
General notes
FOREWORD TO CHECKLISTS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
605<\/td>\nMANDATORY REQUIREMENTS CHECKLIST
OPTIONAL REQUIREMENTS CHECKLIST
SUBMITTALS CHECKLIST <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
606<\/td>\nTITLE PAGE <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
607<\/td>\nCHAPTER 1\u2014INTRODUCTION AND SCOPE
1.1\u2014Introduction
1.2\u2014Scope
CHAPTER 2\u2014NOTATION AND DEFINITIONS
2.1\u2014Notation
2.2\u2014Definitions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
608<\/td>\nCHAPTER 3\u2014GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS
3.1\u2014Achieving economy in formwork <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
609<\/td>\n3.2\u2014Contract documents <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
610<\/td>\nCHAPTER 4\u2014DESIGN
4.1\u2014General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
611<\/td>\n4.2\u2014Loads <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
614<\/td>\n4.3\u2014Member capacities
4.4\u2014Safety factors for accessories <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
615<\/td>\n4.5\u2014Shores
4.6\u2014Bracing and lacing
4.7\u2014Foundations for formwork
4.8\u2014Settlement
CHAPTER 5\u2014CONSTRUCTION
5.1\u2014Safety precautions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
617<\/td>\n5.2\u2014Construction practices and workmanship <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
618<\/td>\n5.3\u2014Tolerances <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
619<\/td>\n5.4\u2014Irregularities in formed surfaces
5.5\u2014Shoring and centering
5.6\u2014Inspection and adjustment of formwork <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
620<\/td>\n5.7\u2014Removal of forms and supports <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
622<\/td>\n5.8\u2014Shoring and reshoring of multistory structures <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
623<\/td>\nCHAPTER 6\u2014MATERIALS
6.1\u2014General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
624<\/td>\n6.2\u2014Properties of materials
6.3\u2014Accessories <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
626<\/td>\n6.4\u2014Form coatings and release agents
CHAPTER 7\u2014ARCHITECTURAL CONCRETE
7.1\u2014Introduction
7.2\u2014Role of architect <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
628<\/td>\n7.3\u2014Materials and accessories
7.4\u2014Design <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
629<\/td>\n7.5\u2014Construction <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
630<\/td>\n7.6\u2014Form removal
CHAPTER 8\u2014SPECIAL STRUCTURES
8.1\u2014Discussion
8.2\u2014Bridges and viaducts, including high piers
8.3\u2014Structures designed for composite action <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
631<\/td>\n8.4\u2014Folded plates, thin shells, and long-span roof structures <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
632<\/td>\n8.5\u2014Mass concrete structures <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
633<\/td>\n8.6\u2014Underground structures <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
634<\/td>\nCHAPTER 9\u2014SPECIAL METHODS OF CONSTRUCTION
9.1\u2014Preplaced-aggregate concrete
9.2\u2014Slipforms <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
636<\/td>\n9.3\u2014Permanent forms <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
637<\/td>\n9.4\u2014Forms for prestressed concrete construction
9.5\u2014Forms for site precasting <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
638<\/td>\n9.6\u2014Use of precast concrete for forms
9.7\u2014Forms for concrete placed under water <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
639<\/td>\nCHAPTER 10\u2014REFERENCES <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
640<\/td>\nAuthored references <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
642<\/td>\nContents <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
643<\/td>\nCHAPTER 1\u2014INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER 2\u2014DEFINITIONS
CHAPTER 3\u2014FORMED CONCRETE SURFACE DESCRIPTIONS
3.1\u2014General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
646<\/td>\n3.2\u2014Examples and determination of surface void ratio <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
648<\/td>\nCHAPTER 4\u2014BASICS OF LAYOUT AND DESIGN
4.1\u2014General
4.2\u2014Design and construction recommendations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
649<\/td>\n4.3\u2014Planning and detailing <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
650<\/td>\n4.4\u2014Formwork and facing selection <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
652<\/td>\n4.5\u2014Premanufactured panelized formwork
4.6\u2014Job-built formwork <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
655<\/td>\n4.7\u2014Design with form liners
4.8\u2014Post-construction treated concrete surfaces
CHAPTER 5\u2014SPECIFICATIONS
5.1\u2014General description
5.2\u2014Design features
5.3\u2014Surface finish limitations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
656<\/td>\nCHAPTER 6\u2014CONSTRUCTION
6.1\u2014Formwork
6.2\u2014Reinforcement and inserts
6.3\u2014Concrete mixture <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
657<\/td>\n6.4\u2014Concrete placement
6.5\u2014Concrete surface team
CHAPTER 7\u2014EVALUATION OF FORMED CONCRETE SURFACES
7.1\u2014Basics
7.2\u2014Overall impression
7.3\u2014Procedure in case of deviations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
658<\/td>\nCHAPTER 8\u2014REFERENCES
Authored references <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
659<\/td>\n22–364.17T-18
Introduction
Question
Answer
Proposed method <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
660<\/td>\nDiscussion <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
661<\/td>\nSummary <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
662<\/td>\nReferences
Authored documents <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
663<\/td>\nAppendix A\u2014ASTM F710 pH Test Procedure <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
664<\/td>\n23–423.7-14
TITLE PAGE <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
665<\/td>\n1\u2014SCOPE
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
2\u2014DEFINITIONS
2.1 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
666<\/td>\n3\u2014REFERENCED STANDARDS
3.1\u2014American Concrete Institute
3.2\u2014ASTM International
3.3\u2014International Organization for Standardization
3.4\u2014Federal Test Method Standard
4\u2014ORDERING INFORMATION
4.1 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
667<\/td>\n5\u2014MATERIALS
5.1\u2014Prestressing steel
5.2\u2014Post-tensioning (PT) coating
5.3\u2014Sheathing
5.4\u2014Anchorages and couplers
5.5\u2014Connecting components
5.6\u2014Tape
6\u2014MANUFACTURE
6.1\u2014Minimum quantity of post-tensioning (PT) coating
6.2\u2014Manufacturing processes
6.3\u2014Sheathing coverage <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
668<\/td>\n6.4\u2014Nonencapsulated systems
6.5\u2014Encapsulated systems
7\u2014MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
7.1\u2014Prestressing steel
7.2\u2014Post-tensioning (PT) coating
8\u2014DIMENSIONS, DENSITY, AND PERMISSIBLE VARIATIONS
8.1\u2014Prestressing steel
8.2\u2014Sheathing
8.3\u2014Anchorages <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
669<\/td>\n8.4\u2014Connecting components <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
670<\/td>\n9\u2014ANCHORAGE ASSEMBLY TESTING
9.1\u2014Validation
9.2\u2014Components
9.3\u2014Encapsulated systems
9.4\u2014Static test
9.5\u2014Fatigue test
9.6\u2014Hydrostatic test
10\u2014TESTING SERVICES
10.1\u2014Prestressing steel
10.2\u2014Anchorage assembly
11\u2014CERTIFICATION
11.1 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
671<\/td>\n12\u2014PACKAGING AND IDENTIFICATION
12.1\u2014Bundling and banding
12.2\u2014Identification of components
13\u2014HANDLING, STORAGE, AND SHIPPING
13.1\u2014Handling
13.2\u2014Storage before shipping
13.3\u2014Shipping
13.4\u2014Protection from moisture
14\u2014INSTALLATION DRAWINGS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
672<\/td>\n24–ITG-7-09
CONTENTS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
673<\/td>\nSECTION 1\u2014 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
1.1\u2014Scope
1.1.1 Work specified
1.1.2 Work not specified
1.1.3 Units
1.2\u2014Requirements
1.2.1 Accumulation of tolerances
1.2.2 Sign definition
1.2.3 Exceeding tolerances
1.3\u2014Definitions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
675<\/td>\n1.4\u2014Referenced standards <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
676<\/td>\nSECTION 2\u2014 STRUCTURAL PRODUCT TOLERANCES
2.1\u2014 Scope
2.2\u2014Tolerances <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
692<\/td>\nSECTION 3\u2014 STRUCTURAL PRODUCT ERECTION TOLERANCES
3.1\u2014 Scope
3.2\u2014Tolerances <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
700<\/td>\nSECTION 4\u2014 NONSTRUCTURAL ARCHITECTURAL PRODUCT TOLERANCES
4.1\u2014 Scope
4.2\u2014Tolerances <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
706<\/td>\nSECTION 5\u2014 NONSTRUCTURAL ARCHITECTURAL PRODUCT ERECTION TOLERANCES
5.1\u2014 Scope
5.2\u2014Tolerances <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
708<\/td>\nNOTES TO SPECIFIER
General notes
FOREWORD TO CHECKLISTS
MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS CHECKLIST
OPTIONAL REQUIREMENTS CHECKLIST <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

ACI MNL-15(20): Field Reference Manual<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
Published By<\/td>\nPublication Date<\/td>\nNumber of Pages<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ACI<\/b><\/a><\/td>\n2020<\/td>\n714<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":300323,"template":"","meta":{"rank_math_lock_modified_date":false,"ep_exclude_from_search":false},"product_cat":[2650],"product_tag":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-300322","1":"product","2":"type-product","3":"status-publish","4":"has-post-thumbnail","6":"product_cat-aci","8":"first","9":"instock","10":"sold-individually","11":"shipping-taxable","12":"purchasable","13":"product-type-simple"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product\/300322","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/product"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/300323"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=300322"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"product_cat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_cat?post=300322"},{"taxonomy":"product_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_tag?post=300322"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}