New IEEE Standard – Active. Information on sources of no-load and load sound in liquid-immersed power transformers is provided in this guide. Industry standards that deal with transformer sound and factors affecting sound levels of transformers in field operation are also discussed. Guidelines are provided for the selection of suitable methods of reduction of transformer sound at the design stage, during manufacturing, and on site. Procedures that are typically used for determining required sound levels of power transformers on site are described. The intent is to provide users and manufacturers with sufficient background that can help produce power transformers that meet limits on sound level required by local sound ordinances.<\/p>\n
| PDF Pages<\/th>\n | PDF Title<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1<\/td>\n | IEEE Std C57.136\u2122-2023 Front cover <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 2<\/td>\n | Title page <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 4<\/td>\n | Important Notices and Disclaimers Concerning IEEE Standards Documents <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 8<\/td>\n | Participants <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 10<\/td>\n | Introduction <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 11<\/td>\n | Contents <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 12<\/td>\n | 1.\u2002Overview 1.1\u2002Scope 1.2\u2002Purpose 1.3\u2002Word usage <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 13<\/td>\n | 2.\u2002Normative references 3.\u2002Basics and standards of transformer noise 3.1\u2002General 3.2\u2002Sources and characteristics of transformer noise <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 21<\/td>\n | 3.3\u2002Transformer industry standards related to noise <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 24<\/td>\n | 4.\u2002Factors affecting sound levels in field operation 4.1\u2002Overview 4.2\u2002Operating voltage and tap-changer settings 4.3\u2002Noise of auxiliary transformers and reactors 4.4\u2002Load noise <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 25<\/td>\n | 4.5\u2002Load power factor 4.6\u2002Voltage and load current harmonics 4.7\u2002DC and Geomagnetically induced currents (GIC) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 26<\/td>\n | 4.8\u2002Contribution from vibrations of structures attached to the transformer 4.9\u2002Contribution of sound build-up from surrounding sound\/fire walls 4.10\u2002Impact of transformer mounting 4.11\u2002Other sources of noise on site <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 27<\/td>\n | 4.12\u2002Operating temperature 5.\u2002Transformer noise reduction in the design stage and factory 5.1\u2002General 5.2\u2002Methods to reduce core noise 5.3\u2002Methods to reduce\/eliminate cooling equipment noise <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 28<\/td>\n | 5.4\u2002Methods to reduce load noise 5.5\u2002Methods to reduce both core and load noise <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 31<\/td>\n | 5.6\u2002Older methods of transformer noise reduction 6.\u2002Methods to reduce transformer noise on site 6.1\u2002Sound walls and sound barriers 6.2\u2002Other previously used field installed techniques <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 32<\/td>\n | 7.\u2002Determination of required sound levels of power transformers on-site 7.1\u2002Overview 7.2\u2002Simplified relationship between sound level of a transformer and sound level at specific receiver locations in the far field <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 35<\/td>\n | 7.3\u2002Determination of appropriate sound level of a transformer on site <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 37<\/td>\n | Annex\u00a0A (informative) Bibliography <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 40<\/td>\n | Back cover <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" IEEE Guide for Audible Sound of Liquid-Immersed Power Transformers (Approved Draft)<\/b><\/p>\n |