{"id":15931,"date":"2024-10-16T22:00:06","date_gmt":"2024-10-16T22:00:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/product\/uncategorized\/ieee-std-80-2000\/"},"modified":"2024-10-24T12:16:08","modified_gmt":"2024-10-24T12:16:08","slug":"ieee-std-80-2000","status":"publish","type":"product","link":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/product\/publishers\/ieee\/ieee-std-80-2000\/","title":{"rendered":"IEEE STD 80 2000"},"content":{"rendered":"

PDF Catalog<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
PDF Pages<\/th>\nPDF Title<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/td>\nTitle page
Title page <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3<\/td>\nIntroduction
Introduction
Participants
Participants <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5<\/td>\nCONTENTS
CONTENTS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
9<\/td>\n1. Overview
1. Overview
1.1 Scope
1.1 Scope
1.2 Purpose
1.2 Purpose <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
10<\/td>\n1.3 Relation to other standards
1.3 Relation to other standards
2. References
2. References <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
11<\/td>\n3. Definitions
3. Definitions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
16<\/td>\n4. Safety in grounding
4. Safety in grounding
4.1 Basic problem
4.1 Basic problem
4.2 Conditions of danger
4.2 Conditions of danger <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
19<\/td>\n5. Range of tolerable current
5. Range of tolerable current
5.1 Effect of frequency
5.1 Effect of frequency
5.2 Effect of magnitude and duration
5.2 Effect of magnitude and duration <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
20<\/td>\n5.3 Importance of high-speed fault clearing
5.3 Importance of high-speed fault clearing <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
21<\/td>\n6. Tolerable body current limit
6. Tolerable body current limit
6.1 Duration formula
6.1 Duration formula
6.2 Alternative assumptions
6.2 Alternative assumptions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
22<\/td>\n6.3 Comparison of Dalziel’s equations and Biegelmeier’s curve
6.3 Comparison of Dalziel’s equations and Biegelmeier’s curve <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
23<\/td>\n6.4 Note on reclosing
6.4 Note on reclosing <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
24<\/td>\n7. Accidental ground circuit
7. Accidental ground circuit
7.1 Resistance of the human body
7.1 Resistance of the human body
7.2 Current paths through the body
7.2 Current paths through the body <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
25<\/td>\n7.3 Accidental circuit equivalents
7.3 Accidental circuit equivalents <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
28<\/td>\n7.4 Effect of a thin layer of surface material
7.4 Effect of a thin layer of surface material <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
31<\/td>\n8. Criteria of tolerable voltage
8. Criteria of tolerable voltage
8.1 Definitions
8.1 Definitions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
34<\/td>\n8.2 Typical shock situations
8.2 Typical shock situations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
35<\/td>\n8.3 Step and touch voltage criteria
8.3 Step and touch voltage criteria <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
36<\/td>\n8.4 Typical shock situations for gas-insulated substations
8.4 Typical shock situations for gas-insulated substations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
37<\/td>\n8.5 Effect of sustained ground currents
8.5 Effect of sustained ground currents
9. Principal design considerations
9. Principal design considerations
9.1 Definitions
9.1 Definitions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
38<\/td>\n9.2 General concept
9.2 General concept <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
39<\/td>\n9.3 Primary and auxiliary ground electrodes
9.3 Primary and auxiliary ground electrodes
9.4 Basic aspects of grid design
9.4 Basic aspects of grid design
9.5 Design in difficult conditions
9.5 Design in difficult conditions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
40<\/td>\n9.6 Connections to grid
9.6 Connections to grid <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
41<\/td>\n10. Special considerations for GIS
10. Special considerations for GIS
10.1 Definitions
10.1 Definitions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
42<\/td>\n10.2 GIS characteristics
10.2 GIS characteristics
10.3 Enclosures and circulating currents
10.3 Enclosures and circulating currents <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
43<\/td>\n10.4 Grounding of enclosures
10.4 Grounding of enclosures
10.5 Cooperation between GIS manufacturer and user
10.5 Cooperation between GIS manufacturer and user <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
44<\/td>\n10.6 Other special aspects of GIS grounding
10.6 Other special aspects of GIS grounding <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
45<\/td>\n10.7 Notes on grounding of GIS foundations
10.7 Notes on grounding of GIS foundations
10.8 Touch voltage criteria for GIS
10.8 Touch voltage criteria for GIS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
46<\/td>\n10.9 Recommendations
10.9 Recommendations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
47<\/td>\n11. Selection of conductors and connections
11. Selection of conductors and connections
11.1 Basic requirements
11.1 Basic requirements <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
48<\/td>\n11.2 Choice of material for conductors and related corrosion problems
11.2 Choice of material for conductors and related corrosion problems
11.2.1 Copper
11.2.1 Copper
11.2.2 Copper-clad steel
11.2.2 Copper-clad steel
11.2.3 Aluminum
11.2.3 Aluminum
11.2.4 Steel
11.2.4 Steel
11.2.5 Other considerations
11.2.5 Other considerations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
49<\/td>\n11.3 Conductor sizing factors
11.3 Conductor sizing factors
11.3.1 Symmetrical currents
11.3.1 Symmetrical currents <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
53<\/td>\n11.3.2 Asymmetrical currents
11.3.2 Asymmetrical currents <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
56<\/td>\n11.3.3 Additional conductor sizing factors
11.3.3 Additional conductor sizing factors <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
57<\/td>\n11.4 Selection of connections
11.4 Selection of connections
12. Soil characteristics
12. Soil characteristics
12.1 Soil as a grounding medium
12.1 Soil as a grounding medium
12.2 Effect of voltage gradient
12.2 Effect of voltage gradient <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
58<\/td>\n12.3 Effect of current magnitude
12.3 Effect of current magnitude
12.4 Effect of moisture, temperature, and chemical content
12.4 Effect of moisture, temperature, and chemical content <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
59<\/td>\n12.5 Use of surface material layer
12.5 Use of surface material layer
13. Soil structure and selection of soil model
13. Soil structure and selection of soil model
13.1 Investigation of soil structure
13.1 Investigation of soil structure <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
60<\/td>\n13.2 Classification of soils and range of resistivity
13.2 Classification of soils and range of resistivity
13.3 Resistivity measurements
13.3 Resistivity measurements <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
63<\/td>\n13.4 Interpretation of soil resistivity measurements
13.4 Interpretation of soil resistivity measurements <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
64<\/td>\n13.4.1 Uniform soil assumption
13.4.1 Uniform soil assumption <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
65<\/td>\n13.4.2 Nonuniform soil assumptions
13.4.2 Nonuniform soil assumptions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
72<\/td>\n14. Evaluation of ground resistance
14. Evaluation of ground resistance
14.1 Usual requirements
14.1 Usual requirements
14.2 Simplified calculations
14.2 Simplified calculations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
73<\/td>\n14.3 Schwarz’s equations
14.3 Schwarz’s equations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
76<\/td>\n14.4 Note on ground resistance of primary electrodes
14.4 Note on ground resistance of primary electrodes
14.5 Soil treatment to lower resistivity
14.5 Soil treatment to lower resistivity
14.6 Concrete-encased electrodes
14.6 Concrete-encased electrodes <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
80<\/td>\n15. Determination of maximum grid current
15. Determination of maximum grid current
15.1 Definitions
15.1 Definitions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
81<\/td>\n15.2 Procedure
15.2 Procedure <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
82<\/td>\n15.3 Types of ground faults
15.3 Types of ground faults <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
84<\/td>\n15.4 Effect of substation ground resistance
15.4 Effect of substation ground resistance
15.5 Effect of fault resistance
15.5 Effect of fault resistance
15.6 Effect of overhead ground wires and neutral conductors
15.6 Effect of overhead ground wires and neutral conductors <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
85<\/td>\n15.7 Effect of direct buried pipes and cables
15.7 Effect of direct buried pipes and cables
15.8 Worst fault type and location
15.8 Worst fault type and location <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
86<\/td>\n15.9 Computation of current division
15.9 Computation of current division <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
91<\/td>\n15.10 Effect of asymmetry
15.10 Effect of asymmetry <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
93<\/td>\n15.11 Effect of future changes
15.11 Effect of future changes <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
94<\/td>\n16. Design of grounding system
16. Design of grounding system
16.1 Design criteria
16.1 Design criteria <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
95<\/td>\n16.2 Critical parameters
16.2 Critical parameters
16.2.1 Maximum grid current (IG)
16.2.1 Maximum grid current (IG)
16.2.2 Fault duration (tf) and shock duration (ts)
16.2.2 Fault duration (tf) and shock duration (ts)
16.2.3 Soil resistivity (r)
16.2.3 Soil resistivity (r)
16.2.4 Resistivity of surface layer (rs)
16.2.4 Resistivity of surface layer (rs) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
96<\/td>\n16.2.5 Grid geometry
16.2.5 Grid geometry
16.3 Index of design parameters
16.3 Index of design parameters
16.4 Design procedure
16.4 Design procedure <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
99<\/td>\n16.5 Calculation of maximum step and mesh voltages
16.5 Calculation of maximum step and mesh voltages
16.5.1 Mesh voltage (Em)
16.5.1 Mesh voltage (Em) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
102<\/td>\n16.5.2 Step voltage (Es)
16.5.2 Step voltage (Es) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
103<\/td>\n16.6 Refinement of preliminary design
16.6 Refinement of preliminary design
16.7 Application of equations for Em and Es
16.7 Application of equations for Em and Es
16.8 Use of computer analysis in grid design
16.8 Use of computer analysis in grid design <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
104<\/td>\n17. Special areas of concern
17. Special areas of concern
17.1 Service areas
17.1 Service areas
17.2 Switch shaft and operating handle grounding
17.2 Switch shaft and operating handle grounding <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
107<\/td>\n17.3 Grounding of substation fence
17.3 Grounding of substation fence <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
115<\/td>\n17.4 Results of voltage profiles for fence grounding
17.4 Results of voltage profiles for fence grounding <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
116<\/td>\n17.5 Control cable sheath grounding
17.5 Control cable sheath grounding
17.6 GIS bus extensions
17.6 GIS bus extensions
17.7 Surge arrester grounding
17.7 Surge arrester grounding
17.8 Separate grounds
17.8 Separate grounds <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
117<\/td>\n17.9 Transferred potentials
17.9 Transferred potentials
17.9.1 Communication circuits
17.9.1 Communication circuits
17.9.2 Rails
17.9.2 Rails <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
118<\/td>\n17.9.3 Low-voltage neutral wires
17.9.3 Low-voltage neutral wires
17.9.4 Portable equipment and tools supplied from substation
17.9.4 Portable equipment and tools supplied from substation
17.9.5 Piping
17.9.5 Piping
17.9.6 Auxiliary buildings
17.9.6 Auxiliary buildings <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
119<\/td>\n17.9.7 Fences
17.9.7 Fences <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
120<\/td>\n18. Construction of a grounding system
18. Construction of a grounding system
18.1 Ground grid construction\u2014trench method
18.1 Ground grid construction\u2014trench method
18.2 Ground grid construction\u2014conductor plowing method
18.2 Ground grid construction\u2014conductor plowing method <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
121<\/td>\n18.3 Installation of connections, pigtails, and ground rods
18.3 Installation of connections, pigtails, and ground rods
18.4 Construction sequence consideration for ground grid installation
18.4 Construction sequence consideration for ground grid installation
18.5 Safety considerations during subsequent excavations
18.5 Safety considerations during subsequent excavations
19. Field measurements of a constructed grounding system
19. Field measurements of a constructed grounding system
19.1 Measurements of grounding system impedance
19.1 Measurements of grounding system impedance <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
122<\/td>\n19.1.1 Two-point method
19.1.1 Two-point method
19.1.2 Three-point method
19.1.2 Three-point method
19.1.3 Ratio method
19.1.3 Ratio method
19.1.4 Staged-fault tests
19.1.4 Staged-fault tests <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
123<\/td>\n19.1.5 Fall-of-potential method
19.1.5 Fall-of-potential method <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
124<\/td>\n19.2 Field survey of potential contours and touch and step voltages
19.2 Field survey of potential contours and touch and step voltages <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
125<\/td>\n19.3 Assessment of field measurements for safe design
19.3 Assessment of field measurements for safe design
19.4 Ground grid integrity test
19.4 Ground grid integrity test <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
126<\/td>\n19.5 Periodic checks of installed grounding system
19.5 Periodic checks of installed grounding system
20. Physical scale models
20. Physical scale models <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
127<\/td>\nAnnex A\u2014Bibliography
Annex A\u2014Bibliography <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
137<\/td>\nAnnex B\u2014Sample calculations
Annex B\u2014Sample calculations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
153<\/td>\nAnnex C\u2014Graphical and approximate analysis of current division
Annex C\u2014Graphical and approximate analysis of current division <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
172<\/td>\nAnnex D\u2014Simplified step and mesh equations
Annex D\u2014Simplified step and mesh equations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
175<\/td>\nAnnex E\u2014Equivalent uniform soil model for nonuniform soils
Annex E\u2014Equivalent uniform soil model for nonuniform soils <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
178<\/td>\nAnnex F\u2014Parametric analysis of grounding systems
Annex F\u2014Parametric analysis of grounding systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
193<\/td>\nAnnex G\u2014Grounding methods for high-voltage stations with grounded neutrals
Annex G\u2014Grounding methods for high-voltage stations with grounded neutrals <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

IEEE Guide for Safety in AC Substation Grounding<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
Published By<\/td>\nPublication Date<\/td>\nNumber of Pages<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
IEEE<\/b><\/a><\/td>\n2000<\/td>\n200<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":15932,"template":"","meta":{"rank_math_lock_modified_date":false,"ep_exclude_from_search":false},"product_cat":[2644],"product_tag":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-15931","1":"product","2":"type-product","3":"status-publish","4":"has-post-thumbnail","6":"product_cat-ieee","8":"first","9":"instock","10":"sold-individually","11":"shipping-taxable","12":"purchasable","13":"product-type-simple"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product\/15931","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/product"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/15932"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15931"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"product_cat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_cat?post=15931"},{"taxonomy":"product_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_tag?post=15931"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}