BS IEC 61540:2023
$215.11
Portable residual current devices (PRCDs) without integral overcurrent protection for household and similar use
Published By | Publication Date | Number of Pages |
BSI | 2023 | 146 |
PDF Catalog
PDF Pages | PDF Title |
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2 | undefined |
4 | English CONTENTS |
12 | FOREWORD |
14 | INTRODUCTION |
15 | 1 Scope |
16 | 2 Normative references |
17 | 3 Terms and definitions, symbols and abbreviated terms 3.1 Definitions relating to plugs and socket-outlets |
18 | 3.2 Definitions relating to residual current devices (RCDs) 3.2.1 Definitions relating to currents flowing from live parts to earth |
19 | 3.2.2 Definitions relating to the energization of a residual current device (RCD) 3.2.3 Definitions relating to the operation and to the functions of a residual current device |
20 | 3.2.4 Definitions relating to values and ranges of energizing quantities 4 Classification 4.1 According to the type of connection 4.1.1 PRCD intermediate adaptor |
21 | 4.1.2 Non-rewireable residual current-protected cord extension sets 4.1.3 Residual current-protected plugs 4.1.4 In-line PRCDs 4.2 According to the type of terminals 4.3 According to behaviour after opening automatically in case of failure of the line voltage 4.4 According to their operating characteristics and behaviour in presence of DC components |
22 | 4.5 According to the ambient air temperature 4.5.1 For use between −5 °C and +40 °C 4.5.2 For use between −25 °C and +40 °C 4.6 Classification according to the protective conductor path 4.6.1 PRCDs with switched protective conductor 4.6.2 PRCDs with non-switched protective conductor 4.7 According to the supply 4.7.1 PRCDs supplied from one phase and neutral (LNSE or LNE) 4.7.2 PRCDs supplied from two phases (LLSE or LLE) 4.8 According an additional function of detecting faults on the supply side 4.8.1 PRCDs not providing an additional function of detecting faults on the supply side 4.8.2 PRCDs providing an additional function of detecting faults on the supply side with a defined behaviour in case of supply failures or miswiring (PRCD-S) 5 Characteristics of PRCDs 5.1 Summary of characteristics |
23 | 5.2 Rated quantities and other characteristics 5.2.1 Rated voltage 5.2.2 Rated current (In) 5.2.3 Rated residual operating current (IΔn) 5.2.4 Rated residual non-operating current (IΔno) 5.2.5 Rated frequency |
24 | 5.2.6 Rated making and breaking capacity (Im) 5.2.7 Rated residual making and breaking capacity (IΔm) 5.2.8 Operating characteristics in case of residual currents comprising a DC component 5.3 Standard and preferred values 5.3.1 Preferred values of rated operational voltage (Ue) 5.3.2 Standard values of rated current (In) |
25 | 5.3.3 Standard values of rated residual operating current (IΔn) 5.3.4 Standard value of residual non-operating current (IΔno) 5.3.5 Standard minimum value of the non-operating overcurrent through the PRCD 5.3.6 Preferred values of rated frequency 5.3.7 Minimum value of the rated making and breaking capacity (Im) 5.3.8 Minimum value of the rated residual making and breaking capacity (IΔm) Tables Table 1 – Standard values of rated current and correspondingpreferred values of rated operational voltages |
26 | 5.3.9 Standard value of the rated conditional short-circuit current (Inc) 5.3.10 Standard value of the rated conditional residual short-circuit current (IΔc) 5.3.11 Standard values of maximum break time 5.4 Coordination with short-circuit protective devices (SCPDs) 5.4.1 General 5.4.2 Rated conditional short-circuit current (Inc) 5.4.3 Rated conditional residual short-circuit current (IΔc) 6 Marking and other product information 6.1 Information and marking for PRCDs Table 2 – Standard values of maximum break time for AC residual currents |
27 | Table 3 – Marking or information item |
29 | 6.2 Information to be provided in an instruction sheet 7 Standard conditions for operation in service and for installation 7.1 Standard conditions Table 4 – Standard conditions for operation in service |
30 | 7.2 Conditions for installations 7.3 Pollution degree 8 Requirements for construction and operation 8.1 Mechanical design 8.1.1 General |
31 | 8.1.2 Plug part, socket-outlet parts and RCD part(s) |
35 | Table 5 – Minimum cross-sectional area of flexible cable or cord suitable fornon-rewireable plugs and non-rewireable socket-outlets of PRCDs |
36 | 8.1.3 Mechanism |
37 | 8.1.4 Clearances and creepage distances (see Annex C) |
38 | Table 6 – Clearances and creepage distances |
39 | 8.1.5 Screws, current-carrying parts and connections 8.1.6 Terminals for external conductors for rewireable PRCDs |
40 | Table 7 – Connectable cross-sections of copper conductorsfor screw-type terminals |
41 | 8.1.7 Terminations for non-rewireable PRCDs 8.1.8 Current-carrying parts |
42 | 8.2 Protection against electric shock 8.2.1 General 8.2.2 Requirements relating to plugs and socket-outlets, whether incorporatedor not in integral items |
43 | Table 8 – Degree of protection of PRCD parts |
44 | 8.3 Dielectric properties 8.4 Temperature rise 8.4.1 Temperature rise limits 8.4.2 Ambient air temperature 8.5 Operating characteristic 8.6 Mechanical and electrical endurance Table 9 – Temperature-rise values |
45 | 8.7 Performance at short-circuit currents 8.8 Resistance to mechanical shock and impact 8.9 Resistance to heat 8.10 Resistance to abnormal heat and to fire 8.11 Test device 8.11.1 General 8.11.2 Test function |
46 | 8.12 Behaviour of PRCDs in case of failure of line voltage 8.13 Behaviour of PRCDs in case of overcurrent in the main circuit 8.14 Resistance of PRCDs against unwanted tripping due to surge currents to earth resulting from impulse voltages 8.15 Behaviour of PRCDs in case of an earth fault current comprising a DC component 8.16 Reliability 8.17 Resistance to tracking 8.18 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) |
47 | 8.19 Standing current in the protective conductor 8.20 Electrical performance 8.20.1 Protective conductor path 8.20.2 Contact mechanism |
48 | 8.20.3 Operation with supply failure and hazardous live protective conductor conditions 8.20.4 Behaviour of PRCDs in case of external fault current in the protective conductor 9 Test 9.1 General 9.1.1 Characteristics of PRCDs checked by means of type tests |
49 | 9.1.2 For certification purposes, type tests to be carried out in test sequences Table 10 – List of type tests |
50 | 9.1.3 Routine tests 9.2 Test conditions 9.3 Test of indelibility of marking Table 11 – Cross-sectional area for test conductors |
51 | 9.4 Test of reliability of screws, current-carrying parts and connections Table 12 – Screw thread diameters and applied torques |
52 | 9.5 Test of reliability of terminals for external conductors |
53 | 9.6 Verification of protection against electric shock 9.6.1 Test with conductors of the smallest and largest cross-sections Table 13 – Conductor composition |
54 | 9.6.2 Test with plug completely withdrawn 9.6.3 Test with engagement surface in horizontal position 9.6.4 Verification of the resistance between the earthing terminal and the accessible metal part 9.6.5 Verification of the isolation between the earthing terminal and the accessible metal part 9.6.6 Stray wire test for rewireable PRCDs |
55 | 9.6.7 Stray wire verification for non-rewireable PRCDs 9.6.8 Verification of high electrical resistance of the conductive operating means 9.7 Test of dielectric properties 9.7.1 Resistance to humidity |
56 | 9.7.2 Insulation resistance of the main circuit 9.7.3 Dielectric strength of the main circuit |
57 | 9.7.4 Secondary circuit of detection transformers 9.7.5 Verification of impulse withstand voltages |
59 | Table 14 – Test voltage for verification of impulse withstand voltage |
60 | 9.8 Temperature-rise test 9.8.1 Test conditions 9.8.2 Ambient air temperature |
61 | 9.8.3 Test procedure 9.8.4 Measurement of the temperature-rise of different parts 9.8.5 Temperature-rise of a part 9.9 Verification of the operating characteristic 9.9.1 Test circuit 9.9.2 Off-load tests with residual sinusoidal alternating currents at the referencetemperature of (20 ± 2) °C |
62 | 9.9.3 Verification of the correct operation with load at the reference temperature |
63 | 9.9.4 Tests at the temperature limits 9.9.5 Additional tests for PRCDs classified according to 4.8.2 |
64 | Table 15 – Supply failure and hazardous live protective conductor (PE) connections for test with reference to correct supply connections for LNSE and LLSE types |
66 | 9.9.6 Verification of protective conductor contact behaviour 9.9.7 Verification of behaviour in case of external fault current in the protective conductor |
67 | 9.9.8 Verification of standing current in the protective conductor 9.10 Verification of mechanical and electrical endurance 9.10.1 Normal operation of socket-outlets and plugs of the PRCD |
68 | 9.10.2 Test of the RCD part of the PRCD |
69 | 9.11 Verification of the behaviour of the PRCD under overcurrent conditions 9.11.1 List of the overcurrent tests 9.11.2 Short-circuit tests Table 16 – Tests to verify the behaviour of PRCDs underovercurrent conditions |
74 | 9.11.3 Verification of the making and breaking capacity of the plug and socket-outlet(s) of the PRCD, separate or incorporated in integral items 9.12 Verification of resistance to mechanical shock and impact 9.12.1 General |
75 | Table 17 – List of tests of resistance to mechanical shock and impact |
76 | Table 18 – Torque applied to the spanner for the test of 9.12.3 |
77 | 9.13 Test of resistance to heat |
78 | 9.14 Resistance of insulating material to abnormal heat and to fire 9.14.1 General 9.14.2 Glow-wire test |
79 | 9.15 Verification of the trip-free mechanism 9.15.1 General test conditions 9.15.2 Test procedure 9.16 Verification of the test device 9.16.1 Verification of the operation of the test device to disconnect the load 9.16.2 Verification of the ampere-turns 9.17 Verification of the behaviour of PRCDs in case of failure of the line voltage 9.17.1 Determination of the limiting value of the line voltage (Ux) |
80 | 9.17.2 Verification of the behaviour in case of failure of the line voltage |
81 | 9.17.3 Verification of the re-closing of PRCDs classified according to 4.3.2 at restoration of the line voltage after automatic opening on failure of the line voltage 9.18 Verification of limiting values of the non-operating current under overcurrent conditions 9.19 Verification of resistance against unwanted tripping due to surge currents to earth resulting from impulse voltages for PRCDs of IΔn ≥ 0,010 A 9.20 Verification of the correct operation with residual currents having a DC component for PRCDs according to 4.4.2 9.20.1 General 9.20.2 Verification of the correct operation in case of a continuous rise of a residual pulsating direct current |
82 | 9.20.3 Verification of the correct operation in case of suddenly appearing residual pulsating direct currents 9.20.4 Verification at the reference temperature of the correct operation with load 9.20.5 Verification of the correct operation in case of residual pulsating direct currents superimposed by a smooth direct current of 0,006 A Table 19 – Tripping current ranges for PRCDs in case ofpulsating DC current |
83 | 9.21 Verification of reliability 9.21.1 Climatic test |
84 | 9.21.2 Test with temperature of 40 °C |
85 | 9.22 Verification of ageing |
86 | 9.23 Resistance to tracking 9.24 Test on pins provided with insulating sleeves 9.25 Test of mechanical strength of non-solid pins of plugs and portable socket-outlets 9.26 Verification of the effects of strain on the conductors |
87 | 9.27 Checking of the torque exerted by plug-in PRCDs on fixed socket-outlets 9.28 Tests of the cord anchorage Table 20 – Make-up of cables suitable for the retention test of rewireable PRCDs |
88 | 9.29 Flexing test of non-rewireable PRCDs |
89 | 9.30 Verification of the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) 9.31 Tests replacing verifications of creepage distances and clearances forelectronic circuits connected between live conductors (phases and neutral)and/or between live conductors and the earth circuit when the contacts are in the closed position 9.31.1 PRCDs shall not create fire and/or shock hazards under abnormal conditions likely to occur in service. 9.31.2 When PRCDs are exposed to abnormal conditions, no part shall reach temperatures likely to cause danger of fire to the surroundings of the PRCDs and no live parts shall become accessible. |
90 | 9.31.3 Unless otherwise specified, the tests are made on PRCDs while they are mounted, connected and loaded as specified in 9.8. |
91 | Table 21 – Maximum permissible temperatures under abnormal conditions |
92 | 9.32 Requirements for capacitors and specific resistors and inductors used in electronic circuits connected between live conductors (phases and neutral) and/or between live conductors and the earth circuit when the contacts are in the closed position 9.32.1 Capacitors 9.32.2 Resistors and inductors 9.33 Verification of the behaviour of the PRCD under temporary over voltage (TOV) conditions 9.33.1 General 9.33.2 Test for all PRCDs |
93 | 9.33.3 Verification after the tests |
94 | Figures Figure 1 – Examples of types of connection classified according to 4.1 |
95 | Figure 2 – Standard test wire 1,0 mm |
96 | Figure 3 – Gauge for checking non-accessibility of live parts through shutters andof live parts of socket-outlets with increased protection |
97 | Figure 4 – Test circuit for the verification of the correct operation of PRCDs,in the case of residual pulsating direct currents |
98 | Figure 5 – Test circuit for the verification of the correct operation of PRCDs, in the case of residual pulsating direct currents superimposed by a smooth direct current |
99 | Figure 6 – Verification of behaviour in case of external faultcurrent in the protective conductor |
100 | Figure 7 – Test circuit for the verification of the rated making andbreaking capacity and of the coordination |
101 | Figure 8 – Tumbling barrel Figure 9 – Arrangement for compression test |
102 | Figure 10 – Ball-pressure test apparatus Figure 11 – Arrangement and dimensions of the electrodes for the tracking test |
103 | Figure 12 – Apparatus for testing the cord retention |
104 | Figure 13 – Apparatus for flexing test |
105 | Figure 14 – Arrangement for mechanical strength test on PRCDs providedwith cords (9.12.6) |
106 | Figure 15 – Test apparatus for the verification of the minimum I2t and Ip values tobe withstood by the PRCD (9.11.2.1 a)) |
107 | Figure 16 – Stabilizing period for reliability test (9.21.1.4) |
108 | Figure 17 – Reliability test cycle (9.21.1.4) |
109 | Figure 18 – Example for test circuit for verification of ageing ofelectronic components (9.22) Figure 19 – Current ring wave 0,5 µs/100 kHz |
110 | Figure 20 – Example of test circuit for the verificationof resistance to unwanted tripping |
111 | Figure 21 – Minimum creepage distances and clearances asa function of peak value of voltage |
112 | Figure 22 – Minimum creepage distances and clearances as a functionof peak value of operating voltage |
113 | Figure 23 – Test cycle for low temperature test (9.9.4) |
114 | Figure 24 – Test circuit for the verification of operating characteristic (9.9),endurance test (9.10), trip-free mechanism (9.15) and behaviourin case of failure of line voltage (9.17) |
115 | Figure 25 – Test circuit for the verification of PRCD when pluggedinto incompatible supply systems (9.9.5.4) |
116 | Figure 26 – Verification of correct operation for hazardous live PE(see Table 15) |
117 | Figure 27 – Verification of open neutral for LNSE types, and open line for LLSE types |
118 | Figure 28 – Verification of a standing current in the protectiveconductor in normal service (9.9.8) |
119 | Figure 29 – Verification of open protective conductor (see 9.9.5.5) |
120 | Figure 30 – Standard test finger |
121 | Annex A (normative)Test sequences and number of samples to be submittedfor verification of conformity to this document A.1 Verification of conformity A.2 Test sequences |
122 | Table A.1 – Test sequences |
123 | A.3 Number of samples to be submitted for full test procedure A.4 Number of samples to be submitted for simplified test proceduresin case of submitting simultaneously a range of PRCDs of the same fundamental design Table A.2 – Number of samples to be submitted for full test procedure |
125 | Table A.3 – Reduction of number of samples |
126 | Table A.4 – Reduction of additional test sequences |
127 | Table A.5 – Reduction of additional test sequences |
128 | Annex B (normative)Routine tests B.1 General B.2 Tripping test B.3 Dielectric strength test B.4 Performance of the test device B.5 Stray wire test |
129 | B.6 Correct continuity test |
130 | Annex C (normative)Determination of clearances and creepage distances C.1 General C.2 Orientation and location of a creepage distance C.3 Creepage distances where more than one material is used C.4 Creepage distances split by floating conductive part C.5 Measurement of creepage distances and clearances |
133 | Figure C.1 – Examples of methods of measuring creepage distances and clearances |
134 | Annex D (normative)List of tests, additional test sequences and numbers of samplesfor verification of compliance of PRCDs with the requirementsof electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) D.1 General D.2 EMC tests already included in the product standard D.3 Additional tests of IEC 61543 to be applied Table D.1 – EMC test |
135 | Table D.2 – Additional tests |
136 | Annex E (informative)Application of PRCD according to 4.8.2 (PRCD-S) E.1 Explanation of switched protective conductor function and application |
137 | E.2 Examples of incorrect supply wiring |
138 | Figure E.1 – Examples of incorrect supply wirings for LLSE types |
139 | Figure E.2 – Examples of incorrect supply wirings for LNSE types |
140 | Annex F (informative)Examples of terminal designs Figure F.1 – Examples of pillar terminals |
141 | Figure F.2 – Examples of screw terminals and stud terminals |
142 | Figure F.3 – Examples of saddle terminals Figure F.4 – Examples of lug terminals |
143 | Annex G (informative)Correspondence between ISO and AWG copper conductors |
144 | Annex H (informative)Methods for determination of short-circuit power-factor |
145 | Bibliography |