BS EN ISO 21945:2020
$142.49
Solid biofuels. Simplified sampling method for small scale applications
| Published By | Publication Date | Number of Pages |
| BSI | 2020 | 28 |
This document describes simplified methods for taking samples of solid biofuels in small scale applications and storages including preparation of sampling plans and reports. The main focus is on storages with a size of ?100 t. This document is applicable to the following solid biofuels:
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fine (up to about 10 mm nominal top size) and regularly-shaped particulate materials that can be sampled using a scoop or pipe, e.g. sawdust, olive stones and wood pellets;
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coarse or irregularly-shaped particulate materials (up to 200 mm nominal top size) that can be sampled using a fork or shovel, e.g. wood chips, hog fuel and nut shells;
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large pieces (above 200 mm nominal top size) which are picked manually (e.g. firewood and briquettes).
This document can also be used for other solid biofuels not listed above if the procedures described in this document are applicable. This document specifies methods to be used, for example, when a sample is to be tested for moisture content, ash content, calorific value, bulk density, mechanical durability, particle size distribution, ash melting behaviour and chemical composition.
Additionally, it describes a method for the reduction of sample size and defines requirements on handling and storage of samples.
If higher precision of analytical results is needed or when in doubt if this document is applicable ISO 18135 can be used. Using the number of increments given in this document the resulting precision for analytical results can be estimated with the formulas given in ISO 18135 .
Pellets can generate CO and CO 2 off gasses by nature. If pellets are sampled, check for CO and CO 2 and O 2 levels prior and during the sample taking process in a confined space like a container, silo or shed and have another person standby at the entrance.
PDF Catalog
| PDF Pages | PDF Title |
|---|---|
| 2 | National foreword |
| 4 | European foreword |
| 6 | Foreword |
| 7 | Introduction |
| 9 | 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Terms and definitions |
| 11 | 4 Symbols and abbreviated terms 5 Principle |
| 12 | 6 Visual inspection |
| 13 | 7 Preparing sampling plan and report |
| 14 | 8 Methods for sampling 8.1 General 8.2 Methods for sampling stationary material 8.2.1 Sampling from small packages (≤50 kg) |
| 15 | 8.2.2 Sampling from transport containers and lorries 8.2.3 Sampling from small built-in storages 8.2.4 Sampling from stockpiles and stacked material |
| 17 | 8.3 Methods for sampling moving material 8.3.1 General 8.3.2 Manual sampling from falling streams 8.3.3 Manual sampling from conveyor belts 8.3.4 Manual sampling from grabs and wheel loader buckets |
| 18 | 9 Minimum number of increments 10 Minimum size of increment 11 Determination of the volume of the combined sample |
| 19 | 12 Equipment for manual sampling 12.1 General |
| 20 | 12.2 Sampling bucket for falling-stream 12.3 Scoops |
| 21 | 12.4 Shovels 12.5 Forks 12.6 Sample extraction using hands 12.7 Pipes (spears) 12.8 Drills (augers) |
| 22 | 13 Reduction of sample size |
| 23 | 14 Handling and storage of samples 14.1 Packaging, storing and transport of samples |
| 24 | 14.2 Identification/labelling 15 Sampling report |
| 25 | Annex A (informative) Model sampling plan and sampling report (according to ISO 21945) |
| 27 | Bibliography |
