BS EN 60076-18:2012:2013 Edition
$189.07
Power transformers – Measurement of frequency response
| Published By | Publication Date | Number of Pages |
| BSI | 2013 | 48 |
IEC 60076-18:2012 covers the measurement technique and measuring equipment to be used when a frequency response measurement is required either on-site or in the factory either when the test object is new or at a later stage. This standard is applicable to power transformers, reactors, phase shifting transformers and similar equipment.
PDF Catalog
| PDF Pages | PDF Title |
|---|---|
| 5 | English CONTENTS |
| 8 | 1 Scope 2 Terms and definitions |
| 9 | 3 Purpose of frequency response measurements |
| 10 | 4 Measurement method 4.1 General |
| 12 | 4.3 Measurement connection and checks 4.3.1 Measurement connection and earthing 4.3.2 Zero-check measurement 4.3.3 Repeatability check 4.3.4 Instrument performance check |
| 13 | 4.4 Measurement configuration 4.4.1 General 4.4.2 Principles for choosing the measurement configuration |
| 14 | 4.4.3 Star- and auto-connected windings with a neutral terminal 4.4.4 Delta windings and other windings without an accessible neutral Tables Table 1 – Standard measurements for a star connected winding with taps |
| 15 | 4.4.5 Zig-zag connected windings 4.4.6 Two-winding three-phase transformers 4.4.7 Three-phase auto-transformers 4.4.8 Phase shifting transformers 4.4.9 Reactors 4.4.10 Method for specifying additional measurements Table 2 – Standard measurements for delta connected winding without tap |
| 16 | 4.5 Frequency range and measurement points for the measurement 5 Measuring equipment 5.1 Measuring instrument 5.1.1 Dynamic range Table 3 – Format for specifying additional measurements |
| 17 | 5.1.2 Amplitude measurement accuracy 5.1.3 Phase measurement accuracy 5.1.4 Frequency range 5.1.5 Frequency accuracy 5.1.6 Measurement resolution bandwidth 5.1.7 Operating temperature range 5.1.8 Smoothing of recorded data 5.1.9 Calibration 5.2 Measurement leads |
| 18 | 5.3 Impedance 6 Measurement records 6.1 Data to be recorded for each measurement |
| 19 | 6.2 Additional information to be recorded for each set of measurements |
| 21 | Annex A (normative) Measurement lead connections |
| 22 | Figure A.1 – Method 1 connection |
| 23 | Figure A.2 – Method 3 connection |
| 24 | Annex B (informative) Frequency response and factors that influence the measurement Figure B.1 – Presentation of frequency response measurements |
| 25 | Figure B.2 – Comparison with a baseline measurement Figure B.3 – Comparison of the frequency responses of twin transformers |
| 26 | Figure B.4 – Comparison of the frequency responses from sister transformers Figure B.5 – Comparison of the frequency responses of three phases of a winding |
| 28 | Figure B.6 – General relationships between frequency response and transformer structure and measurement set-up for HV windings of large auto-transformer |
| 29 | Figure B.7 – Effect of tertiary delta connection on the frequency response of a series winding |
| 30 | Figure B.8 – Effect of star neutral connection on the tertiary winding response Figure B.9 – Effect of star neutral termination on series winding response |
| 31 | Figure B.10 – Measurement results showing the effect of differences between phases in internal leads connecting the tap winding and OLTC Figure B.11 – Effect of measurement direction on frequency response |
| 32 | Figure B.12 – Effect of different types of insulating fluid on frequency response Figure B.13 – Effect of oil filling on frequency response |
| 33 | Figure B.14 – Effect of a DC injection test on the frequency response Figure B.15 – Effect of bushings on frequency response |
| 34 | Figure B.16 – Effect of temperature on frequency response |
| 35 | Figure B.17 – Examples of bad measurement practice Figure B.18 – Frequency response of a tap winding before and after partial axial collapse and localised inter-turn short-circuit with a photograph of the damage |
| 36 | Figure B.19 – Frequency response of an LV winding before and after axial collapse due to clamping failure with a photograph of the damage [8] |
| 37 | Figure B.20 – Frequency response of a tap winding with conductor tiltingwith a photograph of the damage [1] |
| 38 | Annex C (informative) Applications of frequency response measurements |
| 40 | Annex D (informative) Examples of measurement configurations Table D.1 – Standard end-to-end measurements on a three-phase auto-transformer |
| 41 | Figure D.1 – Winding diagram of an auto-transformer with a line-end tap changer Table D.2 – Tap-changer connections |
| 42 | Figure D.2 – Connection diagram of an inductive inter-winding measurement on a three-phase YNd1 transformer Table D.3 – Inductive inter-winding measurements on a three-phase YNd1 transformer Table D.4 – Capacitive inter-winding measurements on a three-phase YNd1 transformer |
| 43 | Figure D.3 – Connection diagram for a capacitive inter-winding measurement on a three-phase YNd1 transformer Figure D.4 – Connection diagram for an end-to-end short-circuit measurement on a three-phase YNd1 transformer Table D.5 – End-to-end short-circuit measurements on a three-phase YNd1 transformer |
| 44 | Annex E (informative) XML data format |
| 45 | Bibliography |
