This International Standard specifies a method for the determination of the ultimate anaerobic biodegradability of plastics by anaerobic microorganisms. The conditions described in this International Standard do not necessarily correspond to the optimum conditions for the maximum degree of biodegradation to occur. The test calls for exposure of the test material to sludge for a period of up to 90 d, which is longer than the normal sludge retention time (25 to 30 d) in anaerobic digesters, although digesters at industrial sites can have much longer retention times.<\/p>\n
The method applies to the following materials:<\/p>\n
natural and\/or synthetic polymers, copolymers or mixtures thereof;<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
plastic materials which contain additives such as plasticizers, colorants or other compounds;<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
water-soluble polymers;<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
materials which, under the test conditions, do not inhibit the microorganisms present in the inoculum. Inhibitory effects can be determined using an inhibition control or by another appropriate method (see e.g. ISO 13641). If the test material is inhibitory to the inoculum, a lower test concentration, another inoculum or a pre-exposed inoculum can be used.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
| PDF Pages<\/th>\n | PDF Title<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2<\/td>\n | undefined <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 4<\/td>\n | European foreword Endorsement notice <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 7<\/td>\n | Foreword <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 8<\/td>\n | Introduction <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 9<\/td>\n | 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Terms and definitions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 11<\/td>\n | 4 Principle 5 Reagents and materials <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 13<\/td>\n | 6 Apparatus 6.1 Laboratory equipment <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 14<\/td>\n | 6.2 Apparatus for use when biogas is measured by a manometric method 6.3 Apparatus for use when biogas is measured by a volumetric method 7 Procedure 7.1 General 7.2 Digested sludge <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 15<\/td>\n | 7.3 Preparation of the inoculum 7.4 Preparation of test suspensions and controls <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 16<\/td>\n | 7.5 Incubation and gas measurement <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 17<\/td>\n | 7.6 Test duration 7.7 Measurement of inorganic carbon 7.8 Specific analyses 8 Calculation and expression of results 8.1 Amount of carbon in headspace <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 18<\/td>\n | 8.2 Calculation of amount of carbon in headspace when manometric measurement method is used <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 19<\/td>\n | 8.3 Calculation of amount of carbon in headspace when volumetric measurement method is used 8.4 Amount of inorganic carbon in the liquid 8.5 Total amount of carbon converted to gas <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 20<\/td>\n | 8.6 Amount of carbon in test material 8.7 Calculation of percentage biodegradation 9 Validity of results 9.1 Maintenance of anaerobic conditions 9.2 Inhibition of degradation 9.3 Validity of the test <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 21<\/td>\n | 10 Test report <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 22<\/td>\n | Annex A (informative) Example of apparatus for determining the amount of biogas produced by measuring the increase in gas pressure <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 23<\/td>\n | Annex B (informative) Example of apparatus for determining volumetrically the amount of biogas produced <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 25<\/td>\n | Annex C (informative) Example of a biodegradation curve <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 26<\/td>\n | Annex D (informative) Examples of data sheets for anaerobic biodegradability tests <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 29<\/td>\n | Annex E (informative) Table of water vapour pressures at various temperatures <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 30<\/td>\n | Annex F (informative) Calculation of theoretical carbon dioxide (ThCO2) and theoretical methane (ThCH4) production <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 31<\/td>\n | Annex G (informative) Example of determination of recovery rate <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 34<\/td>\n | Annex H (informative) Example of a workflow scheme <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 36<\/td>\n | Bibliography <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Plastics. Determination of the ultimate anaerobic biodegradation of plastic materials in an aqueous system. Method by measurement of biogas production<\/b><\/p>\n |