ACI 506.5R 09 2009
$45.77
506.5R-09: Guide for Specifying Underground Shotcrete
| Published By | Publication Date | Number of Pages |
| ACI | 2009 | 56 |
This document provides a guide for owners, contractors, designers, and testing, specifying, and inspection organizations engaged in the application of shotcrete for underground support. The guide provides general information for the selection of constituent materials, and methods to proportion shotcrete. Typical methods of batching, mixing, and handling of proportioned shotcrete materials are detailed along with shotcrete placement methods and equipment. Keywords: acceptance criteria; batching; inspection; methods of payment; mine and tunnel support systems; mixing and placement equipment; mixture proportioning; preconstruction and construction testing; quality assurance; quality control; safety; shotcrete; shotcrete application.
PDF Catalog
| PDF Pages | PDF Title |
|---|---|
| 3 | CONTENTS CONTENTS |
| 5 | CHAPTER 1— INTRODUCTION AND SCOPE CHAPTER 1— INTRODUCTION AND SCOPE 1.1— Introduction 1.1— Introduction |
| 6 | 1.2—Scope 1.2—Scope |
| 7 | CHAPTER 2— NOTATION AND DEFINITIONS CHAPTER 2— NOTATION AND DEFINITIONS 2.1— Notation 2.1— Notation 2.2—Definitions 2.2—Definitions |
| 8 | CHAPTER 3— SUBMITTALS CHAPTER 3— SUBMITTALS 3.1—Contracts 3.1—Contracts 3.2—Recommended specifications 3.2—Recommended specifications |
| 10 | CHAPTER 4— MATERIALS CHAPTER 4— MATERIALS 4.1— Accelerators 4.1— Accelerators |
| 11 | 4.2—Recommended specifications 4.2—Recommended specifications |
| 13 | CHAPTER 5— ANCHORAGE AND REINFORCEMENT CHAPTER 5— ANCHORAGE AND REINFORCEMENT 5.1— Composite support systems 5.1— Composite support systems 5.2—Shotcrete with pattern rock bolts or anchors 5.2—Shotcrete with pattern rock bolts or anchors 5.2.1 Thickness of shotcrete layer 5.2.1 Thickness of shotcrete layer 5.2.2 Timing of rock bolt and shotcrete application 5.2.2 Timing of rock bolt and shotcrete application 5.3—Shotcrete with rock bolts, friction stabilizers, and welded wire reinforcement 5.3—Shotcrete with rock bolts, friction stabilizers, and welded wire reinforcement |
| 14 | 5.3.1 Type of welded wire reinforcement 5.3.1 Type of welded wire reinforcement 5.3.2 Placing and securing welded wire reinforcement 5.3.2 Placing and securing welded wire reinforcement 5.3.3 Welded wire reinforcement placement 5.3.3 Welded wire reinforcement placement 5.4—Fiber-reinforced shotcrete 5.4—Fiber-reinforced shotcrete |
| 15 | 5.5—Shotcrete with lattice girders 5.5—Shotcrete with lattice girders |
| 16 | 5.5.1 Size and spacing 5.5.1 Size and spacing 5.5.2 Installation and shotcrete application 5.5.2 Installation and shotcrete application 5.5.3 Shotcrete placement 5.5.3 Shotcrete placement 5.6—Shotcrete with conventional steel sets 5.6—Shotcrete with conventional steel sets |
| 17 | 5.7—Recommended specifications 5.7—Recommended specifications CHAPTER 6— MATERIALS HANDLING AND STORAGE CHAPTER 6— MATERIALS HANDLING AND STORAGE 6.1— General 6.1— General 6.2—Temperature considerations 6.2—Temperature considerations |
| 18 | 6.3—Recommended specifications 6.3—Recommended specifications CHAPTER 7— SHOTCRETE MIXTURE PROPORTIONING CHAPTER 7— SHOTCRETE MIXTURE PROPORTIONING 7.1—General 7.1—General 7.2—Mixture proportions by trial batching or historical data submissions 7.2—Mixture proportions by trial batching or historical data submissions |
| 19 | 7.3—In-place mixture proportions 7.3—In-place mixture proportions 7.4—Dry-mix shotcrete 7.4—Dry-mix shotcrete |
| 20 | 7.5—Wet-mix shotcrete 7.5—Wet-mix shotcrete |
| 21 | 7.6—Recommended specifications 7.6—Recommended specifications |
| 22 | CHAPTER 8— PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS CHAPTER 8— PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS 8.1— General 8.1— General 8.2—Water-cementitious material ratio 8.2—Water-cementitious material ratio 8.3—Air content 8.3—Air content 8.4—Slump 8.4—Slump |
| 23 | 8.5—Boiled absorption and permeable voids 8.5—Boiled absorption and permeable voids 8.6—Compressive strength 8.6—Compressive strength 8.7—Flexural strength and toughness 8.7—Flexural strength and toughness |
| 24 | 8.8—Early-age strength 8.8—Early-age strength 8.9—Other tests 8.9—Other tests 8.10—Bond strength 8.10—Bond strength 8.11—Explosive spalling protection 8.11—Explosive spalling protection 8.12—Recommended specifications 8.12—Recommended specifications |
| 25 | CHAPTER 9— QUALITY ASSURANCE AND QUALITY CONTROL CHAPTER 9— QUALITY ASSURANCE AND QUALITY CONTROL 9.1—General 9.1—General 9.2—Recommended specifications 9.2—Recommended specifications |
| 26 | CHAPTER 10— PRECONSTRUCTION TRIALS AND TESTING CHAPTER 10— PRECONSTRUCTION TRIALS AND TESTING 10.1—General 10.1—General 10.2—Recommended specifications 10.2—Recommended specifications |
| 29 | CHAPTER 11— CONSTRUCTION ACCEPTANCE INSPECTION CHAPTER 11— CONSTRUCTION ACCEPTANCE INSPECTION 11.1—General 11.1—General 11.2—Acceptance inspection 11.2—Acceptance inspection 11.2.1 Duties of inspection team 11.2.1 Duties of inspection team |
| 30 | 11.2.2 Qualifications of inspectors 11.2.2 Qualifications of inspectors 11.2.3 Experience, education, and certification of inspectors 11.2.3 Experience, education, and certification of inspectors 11.3—Specific inspection and testing quality control requirements for underground shotcrete 11.3—Specific inspection and testing quality control requirements for underground shotcrete 11.3.1 Study of project drawings and specifications 11.3.1 Study of project drawings and specifications 11.3.2 Shotcrete proportioning 11.3.2 Shotcrete proportioning 11.3.3 Selection, acceptance inspection, and testing of ground support materials 11.3.3 Selection, acceptance inspection, and testing of ground support materials 11.3.4 Tunnel inspections before shotcreting 11.3.4 Tunnel inspections before shotcreting 11.3.4.1 Inspection of openings 11.3.4.1 Inspection of openings 11.3.4.2 Preparation of surfaces 11.3.4.2 Preparation of surfaces 11.3.4.3 Reinforcement in place 11.3.4.3 Reinforcement in place |
| 31 | 11.3.5 Tunnel inspections during shotcreting 11.3.5 Tunnel inspections during shotcreting 11.3.5.1 Shotcrete placement 11.3.5.1 Shotcrete placement 11.3.5.2 After shotcrete placement 11.3.5.2 After shotcrete placement 11.3.6 Inspection records and reports 11.3.6 Inspection records and reports |
| 32 | 11.4—Cold placement conditions 11.4—Cold placement conditions 11.5—Hot placement conditions 11.5—Hot placement conditions 11.6—Shotcrete acceptance and rejection 11.6—Shotcrete acceptance and rejection 11.7—Recommended specifications 11.7—Recommended specifications |
| 33 | CHAPTER 12— BATCHING, MIXING, AND SUPPLY CHAPTER 12— BATCHING, MIXING, AND SUPPLY 12.1—Handling of bulk bin-bags 12.1—Handling of bulk bin-bags |
| 34 | 12.2—Quality control considerations 12.2—Quality control considerations 12.3—Recommended specifications 12.3—Recommended specifications |
| 36 | CHAPTER 13— PLACING EQUIPMENT CHAPTER 13— PLACING EQUIPMENT 13.1— Pumps 13.1— Pumps 13.2—Guns 13.2—Guns 13.3—Nozzle systems 13.3—Nozzle systems |
| 37 | 13.4—Remote-controlled spraying 13.4—Remote-controlled spraying 13.5—Recommended specifications 13.5—Recommended specifications |
| 39 | CHAPTER 14— AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT CHAPTER 14— AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT 14.1—Air supply 14.1—Air supply 14.2—Recommended specifications 14.2—Recommended specifications |
| 41 | CHAPTER 15— SAFETY CHAPTER 15— SAFETY 15.1— General 15.1— General 15.2—Underground safety 15.2—Underground safety 15.3—Required personal safety equipment 15.3—Required personal safety equipment |
| 42 | 15.4—View of shotcrete work 15.4—View of shotcrete work 15.5—Communications 15.5—Communications 15.6—Nonpersonal safety equipment 15.6—Nonpersonal safety equipment 15.7—Recommended specifications 15.7—Recommended specifications |
| 43 | CHAPTER 16— PREPARATION FOR SHOTCRETING AND GROUNDWATER CONTROL CHAPTER 16— PREPARATION FOR SHOTCRETING AND GROUNDWATER CONTROL 16.1— General 16.1— General 16.2—Factors affecting shotcrete adhesion and bonding 16.2—Factors affecting shotcrete adhesion and bonding |
| 44 | 16.3—Surface preparation 16.3—Surface preparation 16.4—Groundwater 16.4—Groundwater |
| 45 | 16.5—Recommended specifications 16.5—Recommended specifications CHAPTER 17— GROUND REINFORCEMENT INSTALLATION CHAPTER 17— GROUND REINFORCEMENT INSTALLATION 17.1— General 17.1— General 17.2—Rock bolt installation 17.2—Rock bolt installation |
| 46 | 17.3—Steel set installation 17.3—Steel set installation 17.4—Lattice girder installation 17.4—Lattice girder installation 17.5—Recommended specifications 17.5—Recommended specifications CHAPTER 18— SHOTCRETE APPLICATION CHAPTER 18— SHOTCRETE APPLICATION 18.1— Methods used to control thickness 18.1— Methods used to control thickness |
| 47 | 18.2—Cover, alignment, and tolerance 18.2—Cover, alignment, and tolerance 18.3—Recommended specifications 18.3—Recommended specifications |
| 48 | CHAPTER 19— CURING AND PROTECTION CHAPTER 19— CURING AND PROTECTION 19.1— General 19.1— General 19.2—Protection 19.2—Protection 19.3—Recommended specifications 19.3—Recommended specifications |
| 49 | CHAPTER 20— SHOTCRETE FOR REPAIR AND REHABILITATION OF UNDERGROUND STRUCTURES CHAPTER 20— SHOTCRETE FOR REPAIR AND REHABILITATION OF UNDERGROUND STRUCTURES 20.1—General 20.1—General |
| 50 | 20.2—Materials selection 20.2—Materials selection 20.3—Shotcrete placement methods for repair 20.3—Shotcrete placement methods for repair |
| 51 | 20.3.1 Dry-mix shotcrete 20.3.1 Dry-mix shotcrete 20.3.2 Wet-mix shotcrete 20.3.2 Wet-mix shotcrete 20.4—Quality assurance requirements for rehabilitation of underground structures 20.4—Quality assurance requirements for rehabilitation of underground structures |
| 52 | 20.5—Repair considerations 20.5—Repair considerations 20.6—Recommended specifications 20.6—Recommended specifications CHAPTER 21— MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT CHAPTER 21— MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT 21.1— Basis for payment 21.1— Basis for payment 21.2—Recommended specifications 21.2—Recommended specifications |
| 53 | CHAPTER 22— REFERENCES CHAPTER 22— REFERENCES 22.1— Referenced standards and reports 22.1— Referenced standards and reports 22.2—Cited references 22.2—Cited references |
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