ACI 363R 10:2010 Edition

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363R-10 Report on High-Strength Concrete

Published By	Publication Date	Number of Pages
ACI	2010	69

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Description

This report summarizes currently available information about high strength concrete (HSC). Topics discussed include selection of materials, concrete mixture proportions, ordering, batching, mixing, transporting, placing, quality control, concrete properties, structural design, economic considerations, and applications. Keywords: concrete properties; economic considerations; high-strength concrete; material selection; mixture proportions; structural applications; structural design; quality control.

PDF Catalog

PDF Pages	PDF Title
3	CONTENTS CONTENTS
4	CHAPTER 1— INTRODUCTION CHAPTER 1— INTRODUCTION 1.1— Historical background 1.1— Historical background
5	1.2—Definition of high-strength concrete 1.2—Definition of high-strength concrete 1.3—Scope of report 1.3—Scope of report CHAPTER 2— NOTATION, DEFINITIONS, AND ACRONYMS CHAPTER 2— NOTATION, DEFINITIONS, AND ACRONYMS 2.1— Notation 2.1— Notation
6	2.2—Definitions 2.2—Definitions
7	2.3—Acronyms 2.3—Acronyms CHAPTER 3— SELECTION OF MATERIAL CHAPTER 3— SELECTION OF MATERIAL 3.1— Introduction 3.1— Introduction 3.2—Cementitious materials 3.2—Cementitious materials 3.2.1 Portland cement 3.2.1 Portland cement
8	3.2.2 Supplementary cementitious materials 3.2.2 Supplementary cementitious materials 3.2.2.1 Fly ash 3.2.2.1 Fly ash
9	3.2.2.2 Silica fume 3.2.2.2 Silica fume 3.2.2.3 High-reactivity metakaolin 3.2.2.3 High-reactivity metakaolin 3.2.2.4 Slag cement 3.2.2.4 Slag cement 3.2.3 Evaluation and selection 3.2.3 Evaluation and selection
10	3.3—Admixtures 3.3—Admixtures 3.3.1 General 3.3.1 General 3.3.2 Chemical admixtures 3.3.2 Chemical admixtures 3.3.2.1 Retarding chemical admixtures (ASTM C494/C494M, Types B and D) 3.3.2.1 Retarding chemical admixtures (ASTM C494/C494M, Types B and D) 3.3.2.2 Normal-setting chemical admixtures (ASTMC494/C494M, Type A) 3.3.2.2 Normal-setting chemical admixtures (ASTMC494/C494M, Type A) 3.3.2.3 High-range water-reducing chemical admixtures(ASTM C494/C494M, Types F and G) 3.3.2.3 High-range water-reducing chemical admixtures(ASTM C494/C494M, Types F and G) 3.3.2.4 Accelerating chemical admixtures (ASTM C494/C494M, Types C and E) 3.3.2.4 Accelerating chemical admixtures (ASTM C494/C494M, Types C and E)
11	3.3.2.5 Air-entraining admixtures (ASTM C260) 3.3.2.5 Air-entraining admixtures (ASTM C260) 3.3.2.6 Chemical admixture combinations 3.3.2.6 Chemical admixture combinations 3.4—Aggregates 3.4—Aggregates 3.4.1 General 3.4.1 General 3.4.2 Fine aggregate 3.4.2 Fine aggregate 3.4.3 Coarse aggregate 3.4.3 Coarse aggregate
12	3.4.3.1 Paste-aggregate homogeneity 3.4.3.1 Paste-aggregate homogeneity 3.4.4 Intrinsic aggregate strength 3.4.4 Intrinsic aggregate strength 3.5—Water 3.5—Water CHAPTER 4— CONCRETE MIXTURE PROPORTIONS CHAPTER 4— CONCRETE MIXTURE PROPORTIONS 4.1— Introduction 4.1— Introduction 4.2—Strength required 4.2—Strength required 4.2.1 ACI 318 4.2.1 ACI 318
13	4.2.2 ACI 214R 4.2.2 ACI 214R 4.2.3 Other requirements 4.2.3 Other requirements 4.3—Test age 4.3—Test age 4.3.1 Early age 4.3.1 Early age 4.3.2 Twenty-eight days 4.3.2 Twenty-eight days 4.3.3 Later age 4.3.3 Later age
14	4.3.4 Test age in relationship to curing 4.3.4 Test age in relationship to curing 4.4—Water-cementitious material ratio 4.4—Water-cementitious material ratio 4.4.1 Nature of w/cm in high-strength concrete 4.4.1 Nature of w/cm in high-strength concrete 4.4.2 Estimating compressive strength 4.4.2 Estimating compressive strength
15	4.5—Cementitious material content 4.5—Cementitious material content 4.5.1 Cement strength 4.5.1 Cement strength 4.5.2 Optimization 4.5.2 Optimization
16	4.5.3 Limiting factors 4.5.3 Limiting factors
17	4.6—Air entrainment 4.6—Air entrainment 4.6.1 Resistance to freezing and thawing 4.6.1 Resistance to freezing and thawing 4.6.2 Effect on strength 4.6.2 Effect on strength
18	4.7—Aggregate proportions 4.7—Aggregate proportions 4.7.1 Fine aggregates 4.7.1 Fine aggregates
19	4.7.2 Coarse aggregates 4.7.2 Coarse aggregates 4.7.3 Proportioning aggregates 4.7.3 Proportioning aggregates 4.8—Proportioning with supplementary cementitious materials and chemical admixtures 4.8—Proportioning with supplementary cementitious materials and chemical admixtures 4.8.1 Supplementary cementitious materials 4.8.1 Supplementary cementitious materials 4.8.2 Chemical admixtures 4.8.2 Chemical admixtures 4.8.2.1 Conventional and mid-range water-reducingadmixtures (MRWRAs) 4.8.2.1 Conventional and mid-range water-reducingadmixtures (MRWRAs) 4.8.2.2 High-range water-reducing admixtures(HRWRAs) 4.8.2.2 High-range water-reducing admixtures(HRWRAs)
20	4.8.3 Combinations 4.8.3 Combinations 4.9—Workability 4.9—Workability 4.9.1 Consistency 4.9.1 Consistency 4.9.2 Placeability 4.9.2 Placeability 4.9.3 Flow properties and cohesion 4.9.3 Flow properties and cohesion 4.10—Trial batches 4.10—Trial batches
21	4.10.1 Laboratory trial batch investigations 4.10.1 Laboratory trial batch investigations 4.10.2 Field-production trial batches 4.10.2 Field-production trial batches CHAPTER 5— ORDERING, BATCHING, MIXING, TRANSPORTING, PLACING, CURING, AND QUALITY- CONTROL PROCEDURES CHAPTER 5— ORDERING, BATCHING, MIXING, TRANSPORTING, PLACING, CURING, AND QUALITY- CONTROL PROCEDURES 5.1— Introduction 5.1— Introduction 5.2—Ordering 5.2—Ordering 5.2.1 Batch size 5.2.1 Batch size 5.2.2 Lead time 5.2.2 Lead time 5.3—Batching 5.3—Batching 5.3.1 Control, handling, and storage of materials 5.3.1 Control, handling, and storage of materials 5.3.2 Measuring 5.3.2 Measuring 5.3.3 Charging of materials 5.3.3 Charging of materials
22	5.4—Mixing 5.4—Mixing 5.4.2 Mixer performance 5.4.2 Mixer performance 5.4.3 Mixing time 5.4.3 Mixing time 5.5—Transporting 5.5—Transporting 5.5.1 General considerations 5.5.1 General considerations 5.5.2 Truck-mixed concrete 5.5.2 Truck-mixed concrete 5.5.3 Stationary truck body with and without agitator 5.5.3 Stationary truck body with and without agitator 5.5.4 Pumping 5.5.4 Pumping
23	5.5.5 Belt conveyor 5.5.5 Belt conveyor 5.6—Placing procedures 5.6—Placing procedures 5.6.1 Preparations 5.6.1 Preparations 5.6.2 Equipment 5.6.2 Equipment 5.6.3 Consolidation 5.6.3 Consolidation 5.6.4 Special considerations 5.6.4 Special considerations 5.7—Curing 5.7—Curing 5.7.1 Need for curing 5.7.1 Need for curing 5.7.2 Type of curing 5.7.2 Type of curing
24	5.7.3 Methods of curing 5.7.3 Methods of curing 5.8—Quality control and testing 5.8—Quality control and testing 5.8.1 Introduction 5.8.1 Introduction 5.8.2 Planning 5.8.2 Planning 5.8.3 Quality assurance and quality control 5.8.3 Quality assurance and quality control 5.8.3.1 Concrete plant 5.8.3.1 Concrete plant 5.8.3.2 Delivery 5.8.3.2 Delivery 5.8.3.3 Placing 5.8.3.3 Placing 5.8.4 Testing 5.8.4 Testing
25	CHAPTER 6— PROPERTIES OF HIGH- STRENGTH CONCRETE CHAPTER 6— PROPERTIES OF HIGH- STRENGTH CONCRETE 6.1— Introduction 6.1— Introduction 6.2—Stress-strain behavior in uniaxial compression 6.2—Stress-strain behavior in uniaxial compression
26	6.3—Modulus of elasticity 6.3—Modulus of elasticity
28	6.4—Poisson’s ratio 6.4—Poisson’s ratio 6.5—Modulus of rupture 6.5—Modulus of rupture
29	6.6—Splitting tensile strength 6.6—Splitting tensile strength
30	6.7—Fatigue behavior 6.7—Fatigue behavior 6.8—Unit density 6.8—Unit density 6.9—Thermal properties 6.9—Thermal properties
31	6.10—Heat evolution due to hydration 6.10—Heat evolution due to hydration 6.11—Strength gain with age 6.11—Strength gain with age
32	6.12—Resistance to freezing and thawing 6.12—Resistance to freezing and thawing
33	6.13—Abrasion resistance 6.13—Abrasion resistance 6.14—Shrinkage 6.14—Shrinkage
34	6.15—Creep 6.15—Creep
35	6.16—Permeability 6.16—Permeability
36	6.17—Scaling resistance 6.17—Scaling resistance 6.18—Fire resistance 6.18—Fire resistance
37	CHAPTER 7— STRUCTURAL DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS CHAPTER 7— STRUCTURAL DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS 7.1— Introduction 7.1— Introduction 7.2—Concentrically loaded columns 7.2—Concentrically loaded columns 7.2.1 Axial strength 7.2.1 Axial strength
38	7.2.2 Effects of confinement reinforcement 7.2.2 Effects of confinement reinforcement
40	7.2.3 Cyclic and dynamic loading 7.2.3 Cyclic and dynamic loading 7.2.4 Sustained loading 7.2.4 Sustained loading 7.3—Beams and one-way slabs 7.3—Beams and one-way slabs 7.3.1 Flexural strength 7.3.1 Flexural strength
43	7.3.2 Limiting compressive strain and section ductility 7.3.2 Limiting compressive strain and section ductility
44	7.3.3 Shear and diagonal tension 7.3.3 Shear and diagonal tension
45	7.3.4 Torsion 7.3.4 Torsion 7.3.5 Bond, anchorage, and development length 7.3.5 Bond, anchorage, and development length
46	7.3.6 Cracking 7.3.6 Cracking 7.3.7 Deflections 7.3.7 Deflections 7.3.8 Cyclic loading 7.3.8 Cyclic loading
47	7.4—Prestressed concrete beams 7.4—Prestressed concrete beams 7.4.1 Allowable stresses 7.4.1 Allowable stresses 7.4.2 Prestress losses 7.4.2 Prestress losses 7.4.3 Time-dependent deflections 7.4.3 Time-dependent deflections
48	7.4.4 Transfer and development length of strand 7.4.4 Transfer and development length of strand 7.5—Eccentrically loaded columns 7.5—Eccentrically loaded columns 7.5.1 Combined flexural and axial loads for short columns 7.5.1 Combined flexural and axial loads for short columns
49	7.5.2 Slenderness effects 7.5.2 Slenderness effects CHAPTER 8— ECONOMIC CONSIDERATIONS CHAPTER 8— ECONOMIC CONSIDERATIONS 8.1— Introduction 8.1— Introduction 8.2—Cost studies 8.2—Cost studies 8.2.1 Buildings 8.2.1 Buildings
51	8.2.2 Bridges 8.2.2 Bridges
52	8.3—Selection of materials 8.3—Selection of materials 8.4—Quality control 8.4—Quality control
53	8.5—Conclusions 8.5—Conclusions CHAPTER 9— APPLICATIONS CHAPTER 9— APPLICATIONS 9.1— Introduction 9.1— Introduction 9.2—Buildings 9.2—Buildings
54	9.3—Bridges 9.3—Bridges
55	9.4—Offshore structures 9.4—Offshore structures 9.5—Other applications 9.5—Other applications
56	CHAPTER 10— SUMMARY CHAPTER 10— SUMMARY
57	CHAPTER 11— REFERENCES CHAPTER 11— REFERENCES 11.1— Referenced standards and reports 11.1— Referenced standards and reports
58	11.2—Cited references 11.2—Cited references